Effectiveness of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination among COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study

Authors

  • Shuva Das Department of Microbiology, Chittagong Medical College, Bangladesh
  • Rezaul Karim Ripon Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh
  • Md Safaet Hossain Sujan Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh
  • Nadia Islam Tumpa Department of Microbiology, Chittagong Medical College, Bangladesh
  • Ayesha Ahmed Khan Department of Microbiology, Chittagong Medical College, Bangladesh
  • Akhi Dhar Department of Pediatrics, Evercare Hospital Chattogram, Bangladesh
  • Rajat Sanker Roy Biswas Department of Medicine, Chattagram Maa O Shishu General Hospital, Bangladesh
  • Md Minhazul Hoque Department of Otolaryngology, 250 Bedded Chattogram General Hospital, Bangladesh
  • Sujan Rudra Department of Statistics, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh
  • Mohosina Akter Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh
  • Mohammad Mohiuddin Hasan Hospital Services Management, DGHS, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
  • Kamrun N Koly Health System and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v8i4.62138

Keywords:

vaccine effectiveness, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, SARS-CoV-2, vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts, Cox Proportional Hazard Model, severity

Abstract

It is currently unknown how effective the COVID-19 vaccine is at preventing new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections among the general population. The study suggests that a safe and efficient vaccination against the COVID-19 could help manage this pandemic if widely distributed. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in between vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts. A retrospective multicenter cohort study comprised 1244 COVID-19 positive patients enrolled in this study from three different hospitals among patients who had been appropriately vaccinated or not between April and June 2021. Data were collected by face-to-face survey, and clinical investigations were obtained by observation. Descriptive statistics and the Cox proportional hazard model of survival analysis were performed in the study. Among the participants, 69% of vaccinated cohorts did not require hospitalization, and 97% successfully recovered from the infection. In respect of age, compared with unvaccinated cohorts, the vaccine effectiveness varied from 81% to 92%. The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine was more effective among those aged 60-69 years old and reduced 92% hazard of death than the unvaccinated group [HR ratio - 0.081(.036-.179), P=0.0001]. The study found the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine is highly effective for receivers. The COVID-19 vaccination demonstrated a significant correlation with a reduced probability of disease severity, hospital admission rate, early recovery from illness, and mortality.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2022, 8 (4), 251-263

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Published

2022-12-28

How to Cite

Das, S. ., Ripon, R. K. ., Sujan, M. S. H., Tumpa, N. I. ., Khan, A. A. ., Dhar, A. ., Biswas, R. S. R. ., Hoque, M. M. ., Rudra, S. ., Akter, M. ., Hasan, M. M. ., & Koly, K. N. . (2022). Effectiveness of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination among COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study. Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 8(4), 251–263. https://doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v8i4.62138

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Section

Research Articles