Hypovitaminosis D in Adult - A systemic Review

Abstract

Background: Hypovitaminosis D is now recognized as a pandemic . Vitamin D can be supplied from the dietary sources but is mainly generated endogenously from skin exposure to sunlight via the epidermis, which is the main source of vitamin D synthesis. Despite abundant sunshine,there is high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in south-east asia and middle east leading to different clinical manifestation including musculoskeletal disorders such as non specific muscle pain, poor muscle strength and low BMD as well as non-musculoskeletal disorders such as increased risk of respiratory tract infections, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, auto-immune disorder and cancer. There are multiple factors contributing to the hypovitaminosis D such as extreme of age, female sex, lack of sun exposure, covered clothing style, sunscreen use, skin pigmentation or dark skin, winter season, latitude, malabsorption, anticovulsant drugs, chronic kidney disease, liver disease and obesity.

Objectives: To aware doctors, patients, food producers and consumers.

Data source: Online search via Google, 101 articles were down loaded, 69 valid papers were selected. Only 17 full text articles were eligible for review.

Bangladesh J Medicine Jan 2017; 28(1) : 34-40