Epidemiological Study on Laboratory Confirmed 300 Bangladeshi COVID-19 Patients with Their Clinical Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka city

Abstract

Background: The novel corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic is a major global health threat of the twenty-first century. Clinical presentation, rapid identification of causes and isolation are vital for containments of rapidly spreading disease.

Objective: The objective of the study was to report early findings on demographic profile, clinical presentation of the confirmed COVID-19 patients with their clinical outcome.

Methodology: This prospective cohort study was conducted in Laboratory Medicine department of National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh for the period of February 01, 2021 to March 31, 2021. The positive COVID-19 patients were included and interviewed. Informed written consent was ensured before participation. After collection, Data were analyzed to show the characteristics of COVID-19 cases and their clinical outcome after treatment.

Results: Among the 300 cases 222 (74%) patients were male and 78 (26%) patients were female. Average age of the
patients was 38 years. The most commonly observed symptoms were fever (71%), followed by cough (54%), breathlessness (40%), dysgeusia (38%), anosmia (24%). Respiratory symptom was the dominant feature of clinical presentation. The most prevalent affected age groups were 108(36%) patients in 41 to 50 years’ age, 102 (34%) patients in 31 to 40 years’ age. Among the total cases 252(84%) patients were Urban residents and 225 (75%) had contact history. Among 300 patients 108(36%) patients had co-morbidities and presence of co-morbidities (p<0.01) were significantly associated with mortality. The death rate was 2.0% cases.

Conclusion: Male patients were more affected than female. Typical presentations were fever, cough, breathlessness, dysgeusia and anosmia.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology, July 2022;16(2):60-64