Prospects and Challenges of Precision Medicine in Lower- and Middle-Income Countries: A Brief Overview

Authors

  • Mainul Haque Professor of the Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Tariqul Islam Country Representative, UChicago Research Bangladesh, Road 2B, House 4, Dhaka - 1230, Bangladesh
  • Massimo Sartelli Professor of Emergency Surgery. Department of Surgery, University of Macerata, Macerata Hospital, Via Giovanni Mario Crescimbeni, 28, 62100 Macerata MC, Italy
  • Adnan Abdullah Professor of the Unit of Occupational Medicine, and Dean, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Sameer Dhingra Lecturer, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, Eric Williams Medical Sciences Complex, Trinidad & Tobago

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v19i1.43871

Keywords:

Prospects; Problems; Precision Medicine; Lower- and Middle-Income Countries; Prevalence; Non-Communicable Diseases; Advantages; Adoption; Cost Attainment, or Upsurge; Changeless; Prospects; Oral Health; Nutritional Diseases; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial Resistance; Benefits; Transnational Corporate House.

Abstract

The trend of NCDs in most LMIC countries is slowly but gradually follows that of in the developed countries. There are four significant diseases reported by WHO, which are equally common, such as CVDs, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory disease that causes widespread early death & morbidity. Indeed, it incurs an overwhelming financial burden to most countries in the world. The rise of drug-resistant microbes is another major problem. To overcome this issue, precision medicine (PM) comes into play whereby individual variability in genes, environment, lifestyle, and nutrition of each person is considered for disease treatment & prevention. PM provides a personalized approach, the right treatment to the right people at the right time. Many wealthy countries in the West have started adopting PM though the initial cost is high, ultimately, in the long run, will reduce the healthcare cost by getting rid of the ineffective treatment strategies. However, the PM in LMICs is still at an early stage due to issues such as lack of populationspecific data, competency, expertise, and poor financial support.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(1) 2020 p.32-47

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Published

2019-11-03

How to Cite

Haque, M., Islam, T., Sartelli, M., Abdullah, A., & Dhingra, S. (2019). Prospects and Challenges of Precision Medicine in Lower- and Middle-Income Countries: A Brief Overview. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 19(1), 32–47. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v19i1.43871

Issue

Vol. 19 No. 1 (2020)

Section

Review Article

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