Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Viola odorata in diarrhea, bronchial asthma and hypertension

Abstract

Viola odorata is traditionally used in the management of gastrointestinal,  respiratory and vascular disorders. The present study was undertaken to validate its folkloric uses. The application of V. odorata to spontaneous contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparation exerted relaxant effect through decrease in magnitude and frequency of contractions. Moreover, it also caused relaxation of K⁺ (80 mM)-induced contractions and shifted the Ca²⁺ concentration response curves toward right in isolated jejunum similar to verapamil (standard Ca²⁺ channel blocker), confirming Ca²⁺ channel blocking activity. V. odorata also caused relaxation of carbachol (1 µM)- and K⁺ (80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit tracheal preparations comparable to verapamil, reflecting that observed relaxant effect may be the outcome of anti-muscarinic and/or Ca²⁺ channel blocking activities. It also exerted relaxant effect on phenylephrine (1 µM)- and K⁺ (80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit aortic preparations thus providing rationale for  its folkloric  uses to treat diarrhea, asthma and hypertension.