Acetoxyroyleanone exhibits selective anti-cancer effects and induces apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells through the mediation of NF-kappaB and caspase-3 signalling pathways
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v11i1.24339Keywords:
Acetoxyroyleanone, Anti-cancer, Apoptosis, Caspase-3, Human colon carcinoma cell, NF-?BAbstract
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of acetoxyroyleanone against various cancer cells along with studying its effect on chromatin condensation, NF-?B and caspase-3 expressions and cell migration. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was used to evaluate cell viability while as fluorescence microscopy revealed the effects of acetoxyroyleanone on cellular morphology of Colo-205 cells. Western blotting revealed effects on NF-?B and caspase-3 expressions. The results revealed that acetoxyroyleanone induced potent and dose-dependent antiproliferative effects against a range of cancer cell lines with Colo-205 being the most susceptible cell line. However, it required six to eight times higher concentration of acetoxyroyleanone to induce 50% cell death in normal epithelial (fR-2) cell line. Further, following acetoxyroyleanone treatment to Colo-205, it was observed that acetoxyroyleanone induced substantial down-regulation of NF-?B and up-regulation of caspase-3 expressions. In addition, acetoxyroyleanone impairs cell migration, chromatin condensation, cell shrinkage and membrane blebbing.
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- Figure 6: Significant decrease in cell migration at 30 µM as compared to untreated (0 µM)
- Figure 5: Effect of acetoxyroyleanone on cell migration of Colo-205 monolayers
- Figure 4: Acetoxyroyleanone treatment led significant decrease in NF-?B (p65) and increase in caspase-3 expression at 30 µM with respect to untreated and BEZ-235 (10 nm)
- Figure 3: Western blot analysis reveals decrease in NF-?B (p65) and increase in caspase-3 expression at 10 and 30 µM of acetoxyroyleanone for 48 hours incubation
- Figure 2: Growth inhibitory effect of acetoxyroyleanone against panel of cancer cell lines including normal epithelial cell line
- Figure 1: Chemical structure of acetoxyroyleanone
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