Effect of water hyacinth root extract on arsenic level in different organs of arsenic-treated rat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v2i2.574Keywords:
Alpha-tocopherol, Arsenic, Malondialdehyde, Water hyacinthAbstract
The present study investigated whether the administration of the ethanol extract of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) ameliorate arsenic from arsenic-treated rats. To induce arsenic accumulation in different organs, arsenic trioxide was administered orally by gavage at a dose of 500 ?g/rat/day for 7 days. In search of an effective therapeutic agent to counteract arsenic accumulation and arsenic induced oxidative stress, different concentrations of ethanol extract of root of water hyacinth (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%) was administered by intraperitoneal injection for last two days which significantly reduced the arsenic accumulation in liver, spleen, kidney, intestine, lungs and skin. Besides, it reduced the oxidative stress caused by arsenic, which was evident by decreased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the above organs. Treatment with either extract 50% or with ?-tocopherol was applied singly and in combination to find out result for comparison of effectiveness on arsenic removal. But the reduction of arsenic and MDA was not dose dependent and not parallel. Water hyacinth, at the dose of 50% extract was observed to be most effective.
Downloads
255
201 Read
5
References
Ahmad Sk, Faruquee MH, Sayed MHSU, Khan MH, Hadi SA, Khan AW. Chronic arsenic poisoning: management by vitamins A, E, C regimen. JOPSOM. 1998; 17: 19-26.
Ahsan H, Chen Y, Parvez F, Zablotska L, Argos M, Hussain I, Momotaj H, Levy D, Cheng Z, Slavkovich V, Geen VA, Howe GR, Graziano JH. Arsenic exposure from drinking water and risk of premalignant skin lesions in Bangladesh: Baseline results from the health effects of arsenic longitudinal study. Am J Epidemiol. 2006; 163: 1138-48.
Andrew AS, Karagas MR, Hamilton JW. Decreased DNA repair gene expression among individuals exposed to arsenic in United States drinking water. Int J Cancer. 2003; 104: 263-68.
Bauer JD. Clinical laboratory methods. 9th ed. St. Louis, MO, Mosby, 1982, pp 664-65.
Chung JS, Haque R, Guha Mazumder DN, Moore LE, Ghosh N, Samanta S, Mitra S, et al. Blood concentration of methionine, selenium, beta-carotene, and other micronutrients in a case-control study of arsenic-induced skin lesions in West Bengal, India. Environ Res. 2006; 101: 230-37.
Dey RK, Islam AZMM, Khandker S, Ahmad SA. Arsenic-safe drinking water and antioxidants for the management of arsenicosis patient. In: Applied research on arsenic in Bangladesh. Misbahuddin M (ed). Dhaka, World Health Organization (Bangladesh), Directorate General of Health Services, Government of Bangladesh, 2007, pp 103-16.
Duke JA. Eichornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. Handbook of energy crops (unpublished). 1983; URL: http://www.hort.purdue.edu. Accessed on 6/4/2007.
Farber LJ. Mechanism of cell injury by activated oxygen species. Environ Health Perspect. 1994; 102: 17-24.
Garcia-Chavex E, Jimenez I, Segura B, Del Razo LM. Lipid oxidative damage and distribution of inorganic arsenic and its metabolites in the rat nervous system after arsenite exposure: Influence of alpha tocopherol supplementation. Neurotoxicology 2006; 27: 1024-31.
Hagen TM, Ingersoll RT, Lykkesfeldt J, Liu J, Wehr CM, Vinarsky V, Bartholomew JC, Ames BN. (R)-a-lipoic acid supplemented old rats have improved mitochondrial function, decreased oxidative damage and increased metabolic rate. FASEB J. 1999; 13: 411-18.
Heck JK, Gamble MV, Chen Y, Graziano JH, Slavkovich V, Parvez F, Baron JA, Howe GR, Ahsan H. Consumption of folate-related nutrients and metabolism of arsenic in Bangladesh. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007; 85: 1367-74.
Lowry OH, Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951; 265-75.
Misbahuddin M, Fariduddin A. Water hyacinth removes arsenic from arsenic-contaminated drinking water. Arch Environ Health. 2002; 57: 516-18.
Misbahuddin M, Islam AZMM, Khandker S, Mahmud IA, Islam N, Anjumanara. Efficacy of spirulina extract plus zinc in patients of chronic poisoning: A randomized placebo-controlled study. Clin Toxicol. 2006; 44: 135-41.
Mitra SR, Guha Mazumder DN, Basu A, Block G, Haque R, Samanta S, Ghosh N, Smith MMH, Ehrenstein OS, Smith AH. Nutritional factors and susceptibility to arsenic-caused skin lesions in lesions in West Bengal, India. Environ Health Perspect. 2004; 112: 1104-09.
Momin A, Ali SK, Hague MM. Randomized placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of selenium in the treatment of arsenicosis patients. In: Applied research on arsenic in Bangladesh. Misbahuddin M (ed). Dhaka, World Health Organization (Bangladesh), Directorate General of Health Services, Govt. of Bangladesh, 2007, pp 117-30.
Nandi D, Patra RC, Swarup D. Effect of cysteine, methionine, ascorbic acid and thiamine on arsenic-induced oxidative stress and biochemical alterations in rats. Toxicology 2005; 211: 26-35.
Nasir M, Misbahuddin M, Ali SMK. Selenium intervention in reducing arsenic levels in different tissues. In: Bangladesh Environment 2002, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bangladesh Environment. Ahmed MF, Tanveer SA, Badruzzaman ABM (eds). ICBEN-2002, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2002, pp 343-52.
Pal S, Chatterjee AK. Protective effect of methionine supplementation on arsenic-induced alteration of glucose homeostasis. Food Chem Toxicol. 2004; 42: 737-42.
Rabbani GH, Saha SK, Akhtar M, Marni F, Mitra AK, Ahmed S, Alauddin M, Bhattacharjee M, Sultana S, Chowdhury AK. Antioxidants in detoxification of arsenic-induced oxidative injury in rabbits: preliminary results. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2003; 38: 273-87.
Ramanathan K, Balakumar BS, Panneerselvam C. Effects of ascorbic acid and a-tocopherol on arsenic-induced oxidative stress. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2002; 21: 675-80.
Ramanathan K, Shila S, Kumaran S, Panneerselvam C. Protective role of ascorbic acid and a-tocopherol on arsenic-induced microsomal dysfunctions. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2003; 22: 129-36.
Ramos O, Carrizales L, Yanez L, Mejia J, Batres L, Ortiz D, Diazbarriga F. Arsenic increased lipid peroxidation in rat tissues by a mechanism independent of glutathione levels. Environ Health Perspect. 1995; 103: 85-88.
Rmalli SWA, Harrington CF, Ayub M, Haris PI. A biomaterial based approach for arsenic removal from water. J Environ Monit. 2005; 7: 279-82.
Saha B. Effect of ascorbic acid on reduced glutathione level in arsenic-loaded isolated liver tissues of rat. Bangladesh J Pharmacol. 2006; 1: 68-71.
Saha SK, Misbahuddin M, Khatun R, Mamun MIR. Effects of hexane extracts of spirulina in the removal of arsenic from isolated liver tissues of rat. Mymensingh Med J. 2005; 14: 191-95.
Spallholz JE, Boylan LM, Rahman MM. Environmental hypothesis: Is poor dietary selenium intake an underlying factor for arsenicosis and cancer in Bangladesh and West Bengal, India? Sci Total Environ. 2003; 323: 21-32.
Tabassum NE. Effect of ?-lipoic acid on the removal of arsenic from arsenic-loaded isolated liver tissues of rat. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2006; 1: 27-32.
Umar BU. Effect of hexane extract of spinach in the removal of arsenic from rat. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2007; 2: 27-34.
Valko M, Morris H, Cronin MT. Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress. Curr Med Chem. 2005; 12: 1161- 08.
Vinceti M, Wei ET, Malagoli C, Bergomi M, Vivoli G. Adverse health effects of selenium in humans. Rev Environ Health. 2001; 16: 233-51.
Additional Files
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
