Preparation of procyanidin B2 from apple pomace and its inhibitory effect on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 macrophages

Authors

  • Huawei Zhang School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology
  • Chen Ying School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v6i2.8915

Keywords:

Anti-inflammatory, Apple pomace, Cyclooxygenase-2, Procyanidin B2

Abstract

Dimeric procyanidin B2 (PB2) is one of phenolic compounds in apple pomace, an agro-industrial byproduct in apple juice processing. This work focused on purification of PB2 from apple pomace using sephadex column chromatography and its potential effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation using RAW264.7 macrophages. PB2 with the purity of 72.28 ± 1.85% was successfully afforded using resin and gel column chromatographic technique. Anti-inflammatory tests suggested that the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-induced murine RAW264.7 macrophages was suppressed in a PB2 concentration-dependent manner. PB2 at no less than 50 ?g·mL-1 could significantly suppress inflammation in the LPS-induced cells. Moreover, this suppressive effect was not correlated with PB2 pretreating. However, the COX-2 expression was not reduced in LPS pretreatment way followed by PB2 exposure, which suggested that PB2 has no repairing function. The results showed that high pure PB2 prepared from apple pomace has a remarkable anti-inflammatory property.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Abstract
1367
Download
748 Read
320

Author Biographies

Huawei Zhang, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology

Associate Professor

Chen Ying, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology

Graduate student

References

Bai XL, Yue TL, Yuan YH, Zhang HW. Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenols from apple pomace. J Sep Sci. 2010; 33: 357178.

Fujiwara N, Kobayashi K. Macrophages in inflammation. Curr Drug Tar. 2005; 4: 28186.

García YD, Valles BS, Lobo AP. Phenolic and antioxidant composition of by-products from the cider industry: Apple pomace. Food Chem. 2009; 117: 73138.

Hwangbo C., Lee HS, Park J, Choe J, Lee JH. The anti-inflammatory effect of tussilagone, from Tussilago farfara, is mediated by the induction of heme oxygenase-1 in murine macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol. 2009; 9: 157884.

Kim HG, Yoon DH, Kim CH, Shrestha B, Chang WC, Lim SY, Lee WH, Han SG, Lee JO, Lim MH, Kim GY, Choi S, Song WO, Sung JM, Hwang KC, Kim TW. Ethanol extract of Inonotus obliquus inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. J Med Food. 2007; 10: 80-89.

Miura T, Chiba M, Kasai K, Nozaka H, Nakamura T, Shoji T, Kanda T, Ohtake Y, Sato T. Apple procyandins induce tumor cell apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway activation of caspase-3. Carcinogenesis 2008; 29: 58593.

Sakano K, Mizutani M, Murata M, Oikawa S, Hiraku Y, Kawanishi S. Procyanidin B2 has anti- and pro-oxidant effects on metal-mediated DNA damage. Free Radical Biol Med. 2005; 39: 1041-49.

Suarez B, Alvarez AL, García YD, del Barrio G, Lobo AP, Parra F. Phenolic profiles, antioxidant activity and in vitro antiviral properties of apple pomace. Food Chem. 2010; 120: 33942.

Vendruscolo F, Albuquerque PCM, Streit F, Esposito E, Ninow JL. Apple pomace: A versatile substrate for biotechnological applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2008; 28: 112.

Wu TT, Tsai CW, Yao HT, Lii CK, Chen HW, Wu YL, Chen PY, Liu KL. Suppressive effects of extracts from the aerial part of Coriandrum sativum L. on LPS-induced inflammatory responses in murine RAW264.7 macrophages. J Sci Food Agric. 2010; 90: 184654.

Zhang WY, Liu HQ, Xie KQ, Yin LL, Yu LI, Kwik-Uribe CL, Zhu XZ. Procyanidin dimer B2 [epicatechin-(4β-8)-epicatechin] suppresses the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in endotoxin-treated monocytic cells. Biochem Bioph Res Commun. 2006; 345: 50815.

Downloads

Additional Files

Published

2011-12-10

How to Cite

Zhang, H., and C. Ying. “Preparation of Procyanidin B2 from Apple Pomace and Its Inhibitory Effect on the Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated RAW264.7 Macrophages”. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 6, no. 2, Dec. 2011, pp. 106-10, doi:10.3329/bjp.v6i2.8915.

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 2 (2011)

Section

Research Articles

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).