Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research

Spatial and temporal variations of fish assembly with environmental parameters from two major rivers in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh

2023-11-30T03:56:57+00:00

The study examined habitat and seasonal variations of fin fish structure and ecological parameters in the Atrai and Dhepa Rivers, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. The researchers collected data from four sampling stations, revealing 15532 individuals from 44 genera and 59 species. Pethia ticto, Chanda nama, Cirrhinus reba, Puntius sophore, and Salmophasia bacaila were recorded as dominated fishes (>4.95%). The fish population was highest in autumn at Mohonpur (MP), while lowest in the monsoon at Karnai Bazar (KB). There were no significant variations across stations for rainfall, dissolved oxygen, pH, transparency, air and water temperatures, and pH. However, significant differences were observed among seasons based on all factors. The study also revealed differences in dominance, Margalef, Shannon, and evenness diversity indices spatiotemporally, except for evenness diversity indices among seasons. The findings could be useful for conservation studies in the future, especially after establishing and managing restricted areas like fish sanctuaries in both rivers.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 59(2), 55-66, 2024

Physicochemical properties and yield of Guizotia abyssinica seed oil grown in South Wollo of Ethiopia

2023-11-30T07:25:54+00:00

Niger (Guizotia abyssinica) plants are cultivated in various parts of Ethiopia. However, there are no investigation on physical properties of oil extracted from niger and its yield. The current work investigated the yield and physicochemical analysis of oil extracted from it. The extracted oil amount (40%) is good when compared to the reported Ethiopian Niger seed oil yields. The physicochemical analyses of the oil were determined according to the standard procedures. Among the determined properties of the seed oil were moisture content (9.5 ± 0.40%), specific gravity at 250, (0.90 ± 0.02), acid value (1.20 ± 0.50 mg KOH/g oil), saponification value (175.0 ± 0.60 mg KOH/g oil), free fatty acid content (0.60 ± 0.25%), and ester content (173.8 ± 0.10 mg KOH/g oil). In conclusion, on the basis of investigated physicochemical properties it indicates that the oil extracted from seeds of G. abyssinica is a good quality of oil and have dietary recommendations.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 59(2), 67-72, 2024

Computational study of Capturing CO2 and SO2 gases using imidazolium based ionic liquids

2023-12-02T10:22:44+00:00

The objective of this study was to capture toxic gases like CO₂ and SO₂ using imidazolium based ionic liquids,1-butyl 3-methyl-imidazoliumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) and 1-ethyl 3-methyl-imidazolium acetate. In this work, the density functional theory (DFT) method of hybrid correlation functional with B3LYP/6-31++G (d, p) basis set was used to analyze the mechanism of interaction between toxic gases and ionic liquids. It has been founded that the [Bmim][Tf₂N]-SO₂ has greater binding energy than [Bmim][Tf₂N]-CO₂ . Therefore, the ionic liquid [Bmim][Tf₂N] seems to be the most suitable option for SO₂ gas capture. Similarly, The ionic liquid [Emim][Ac] has high efficiency to capture the toxic gas SO₂ and has high affinity for this gas relative to CO₂. The types of absorption observed in [Bmim][Tf₂N]-SO₂ interaction was Chemisorption while, [Bmim]Tf₂N]-CO₂ interaction was physisorption. To sum up, [Bmim][Tf₂N] and [Emim][Ac] seems to be the most suitable option and has high efficiency to capture SO₂ gas relative to CO₂.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 59(2), 73-86, 2024

Comparative analyses of complete mitochondrial genomes of four sillaginids fish (Perciformes: Sillaginidae) and phylogenetic implications

2024-02-02T00:59:12+00:00

Sillago muktijoddhai, S. mengjialensis, S. sihama and Sillaginops macrolepis (Perciformes, Sillaginidae) are common coastal sand borers. The first three species are found in the Northeastern Indian Ocean, and the fourth one is located in the Western Central Pacific Ocean only. Molecular data applying in the prior investigations on systematics and phylogenetic relationships were not only incomplete but also uncertain for these fishes. This study sequenced their complete mitochondrial genomes using Sanger Dideoxy DNA sequencing for the first time. Their complete mitochondrial genome was a circular molecule of 17,022, 16,624, 16,825 and 16,502bp in length for S. muktijoddhai, S. mengjialensis, S. sihama and Sillaginops macrolepis, respectively. Most protein-coding genes (PCGs) were initiated with the typical ATG codon and terminated with the TAA or TAG codon and the incomplete termination codon T/TA could be detected in the four species. The majority of AT-skew and GC-skew values of the entire mitogenomes among the four species were negative. The Ka/Ks ratio analyses indicated 13 PCGs were suffering strong purifying selection. In the phylogenetic analysis, S. muktijoddhai, S. mengjialensis, and S. sihama were placed with relative species of the genus Sillago supporting morphological phylogeny. However, S. macrolepis was situated in the clade of genus Sillago that contrasted to morphological phylogeny. Divergence time analysis showed that Sillaginidae species diverged around 61 million years ago.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 59(2), 87-104, 2024

DNA barcoding of mislabeled juvenile Tenualosa spp. as Gudusia chapra in the fish markets of Bangladesh

2024-02-25T09:10:07+00:00

Mislabeling of Juvenile hilsa, (Tenualosa spp.) or Jatka fish as Chapila (Gudusia chapra) is a recognized problem in Bangladesh resulting in fraudulence to consumers, illegal harvesting, and ultimately the degradation of hilsa fish production. We applied DNA barcoding using mitochondrial COX 1 gene together with morphometric analysis to resolve the mislabeling or misidentification of Clupeid fishes differentiating mainly hilsa fish from chapila fish. This study confirmed the identification of Jatka fish (Tenualosa sp.) that was mislabeled with chapila (Gudusia chapra). DNA barcoding identified the four species of clupeid fishes (Tenualosa ilisha, Gudusia chapra, Sardinella jussieu and Tenualosa toli) with phylogenetic placement. These cases may reflect a clear picture of admixture of locally sold mislabeled Jatka, which may warrant more comprehensive analyses. Mislabeling records of Juvenile hilsa established in the present study may also have implications for the harvesting, marketing and consumption the national fish of Bangladesh.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 59(2), 105-114, 2024

Aflatoxin M1 in raw milk in summer season in Lahore, Pakistan

2023-10-10T05:30:06+00:00

A four-month long study throughout the summer of 2022 i.e., April, May, June, and July; was conducted to determine Aflatoxin M1 concentration in raw milk retailed in the shops of Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 40 samples (10 per month) were analyzed using the ELISA kit method while considering European Union (50ng/kg), US Food and Drug Regulation Authority (500ng/kg), and Pakistan Pure Food Regulations (500ng/kg) as AFM1 permissible limits. About 82.50% of 40 samples were contaminated with AFM1 while only 17.50% samples were found to be uncontaminated. Of these contaminated samples over 87.88% samples exceeded the safe limit as set by the European Union i.e., 50ng/kg with only 12.12% of the samples being safe for use. On the other hand, only 6.06% of the samples were unfit as per the USFDA & Punjab Pure Food Regulations (PPFR) limit i.e., 500ng/kg. A mean value of 133.57 ± 0.14ng/kg of AFM1 contamination was calculated ranging from 5.43 ± 0.05ng/kg to 964.75 ± 0.04ng/kg in April and July, respectively. The lowest average contamination was recorded in May i.e., 68.35 ± 0.258ng/kg which went progressively higher in the later months due to unusual record-breaking rainfall in the region while highest average contamination was found in the month of July i.e., 228.789 ± 0.075ng/kg. The current study is significantly important as it identify the contamination of Aflatoxin M1 in raw milk in the summer season.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 59(2), 115-122, 2024

Effect of sodium benzoate on Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon citratus) ice tea

2024-03-05T06:18:46+00:00

Sodium benzoate is commonly used as a food preservative to prevent deterioration. According to USEPA standards, the allowable maximum for sodium benzoate in beverages is 0.15%, and 0.13% in fruit juice. A high sodium benzoate intake can induce a variety of illnesses in humans. The current study analyzes the influence of various sodium benzoate concentrations on final product quality. The product was tested to evaluate its physiochemical, proximate, and sensory properties. Acidity, pH, specific gravity, and antioxidant characteristics were identified. The product with the least amount of Na-benzoate performed better than the products with a higher amount of sodium benzoate. Products with 0.06 and 0.07% sodium benzoate were disliked due to a pungent aftertaste, whereas products with 0.05% sodium benzoate were preferred. In terms of physicochemical parameters, all treatments had similar brix, pH, acidity, specific gravity, and antioxidant values. The proximate analyses were also found same for all three treatments.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 59(2), 123-128, 2024