Nesting ecology of some urban passerine birds and their reliance on anthropogenic structure at Jahangirnagar university campus

Abstract

A comprehensive study was conducted to examine the nesting ecology of avian species and their reliance on anthropogenic materials within an urban setting. This investigation took place from December 2023 to June 2024 at Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The research documented 53 nests from 12 distinct species across 9 families, in 14 tree species. The study area was systematically divided into six transects, and exploration was carried out opportunistically within these regions. The peak number of nests was recorded in June, with the lowest observed in January. Of all nests observed, 47 were located in natural habitats, while the remaining nests were situated in artificial habitats. Out of the total nests, 46 were occupied by birds, with the rest remaining unoccupied. Breeding success was confirmed in 26 of the occupied nests. Notably, 30.19% of the nests incorporated anthropogenic waste as part of their nesting materials. Five different nest structures were identified among the samples, constructed by various avian species. The materials used in six nests were categorized, revealing the frequent utilization of grass, sun grass, small tree branches, feathers, leaves, and bamboo leaves. The nests demonstrated a range of concealment levels from 0% to 100%, with an average concealment rate of 35.91%. This research illuminates the diverse nesting ecology of urban birds and their escalating dependence on human-made materials, highlighting their adaptability as well as the potential challenges faced within urban environments.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 54(2): 197-210, 2026