Evaluation of Hepatic Cystic Lesion in Children

Abstract

Hepatic cysts are very rare in children and most of them are simple and solitary, asymptomatic, benign, and do not
require intervention. It is usually found as a mere coincidence on abdominal imaging techniques, such as
ultrasonography (USG), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The incidental
diagnosis of cystic lesions of the liver increased day by day due to increased use and sensitivity of abdominal
imaging. Predominantly simple cysts are most common and diagnosed by characteristic Ultrasonogram findings.
Serodiagnostic tests and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) are useful when USG, CT, and MRI show ambiguous
findings in differentiating other cystic lesions (complicated cysts, echinococcosis, and cyst adenoma/cyst
adenocarcinoma) and reduce the need for invasive procedures. Although most cysts are benign, some are malignant or
premalignant, so early detection of cystic lesions is important to manage them properly. Treatment is needed in
symptomatic or complex cysts or those having malignant or premalignant features. This article outlines the major
types of hepatic cysts, highlights clinical features that may aid in their appropriate diagnosis, and discusses
therapeutic options.

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Med. Coll. J. 2022;1(1):37-45