Causes and Mechanisms of Tinnitus: A Systematic Review

Authors

  • Nripendra Nath Biswas Professor & Head, Department of ENT & Head-Neck Surgery, Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur.
  • SM Faisal Zishan Assistant Professor, Department of ENT & Head-Neck Surgery, Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur.
  • ATM Sumaief Ur Rahman Junior Consultant, Department of ENT & Head-Neck Surgery, Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Faridpur.
  • Ranjit Kumar Rudra Junior Consultant (ENT), Bhanga Upazilla Health Complex, Bhanga, Faridpur.
  • Debabrota Roy Junior Consultant (ENT), Sadarpur Upazilla Health Complex, Sadarpur, Faridpur.
  • Muhammad Rasedul Hasan Bulbul Indoor Medical Officer, Department of ENT & Head-Neck Surgery, Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Faridpur.
  • Shahed Hasan Indoor Medical Officer, Department of ENT & Head-Neck Surgery, Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Faridpur.
  • Mohammad Jalal Uddin Resident Surgeon, Department of ENT & Head-Neck Surgery, Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Faridpur.
  • Bepari Mohammad Lutfar Rahman Assistant Registrar, Department of ENT & Head-Neck Surgery, Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Faridpur.
  • Md Hasan Ali Department of ENT & Head-Neck Surgery, Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Faridpur.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v20i1.80716

Keywords:

Tinnitus, Causes, Mechanisms

Abstract

Tinnitus, a common yet debilitating condition, is linked to factors like hearing loss, ototoxic drugs, head injuries, and depression. The mechanisms behind tinnitus remain unclear, though inner ear pathology, auditory nerve issues, and central nervous system abnormalities are involved. A review of 15 studies identified noise exposure, age, and hearing loss as common causes. Diagnostic tests, including pure tone audiometry, Otoacoustic emission, auditory brainstem responses, and imaging (fMRI, MRI, PET) are useful but show significant variability. Standardized diagnostic methods are needed to better understand and treat tinnitus.

Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2025;20(1): 51-59 

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Published

2025-04-13

How to Cite

Biswas, N. N., Zishan, S. F., Rahman, A. S. U., Rudra, R. K., Roy, D., Bulbul, M. R. H., … Ali, M. H. (2025). Causes and Mechanisms of Tinnitus: A Systematic Review. Faridpur Medical College Journal, 20(1), 51–59. https://doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v20i1.80716

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 1 (2025)

Section

Review Articles