Perspective and a brief overview of genome-wide association studies in moderate to severe asthma

Abstract

Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease that shares phenotypic heritability and shows clusters of symptoms among the relatives. A large number of studies have been conducted to examine the genetic susceptibility of asthma over the past three decades. In the last decade, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have readdressed the perspective of viewing asthma and have identified some novel genes associated with the susceptibility of asthma. However, few genetic studies have been conducted focusing the moderate to severe asthma, and the molecular targets explain a small proportion of asthma heritability. This review focuses on the principal findings of the genomic studies investigating the genome-wide association of moderate to severe asthma and how it is transitioning the phenotype-based approach towards the fundamental genomic studies. It further illustrates the integrative perspectives aimed towards the translation of the findings in precision medicine. Therefore, a better understanding of asthma pathogenesis would focus the individual at the center of asthma care.

Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2021; 15(2): 52-61