Degree and Pattern of Hearing Loss among Community Level Patients attended at ENT Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital Outside Dhaka City in Bangladesh: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background:  Hearing loss is one of the major health hazards specially in under develop and developing countries including Bangladesh. Here it is significantly increasing trend affecting all age group.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to analyze the degree and pattern of hearing loss among patients attending ENT outpatient department.

Methodology: This is a retrospective review of data retrieved from the record of Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) results from Department of Otorhinolaryngology in Monno medical college hospital, Manikgonj, Bangladesh between January 2017 to December 2024. Total 840 patients with hearing loss, who had undergone PTA were included in this study. The data were tabulated, analyzed and results were expressed in number and percentage.

Results: Among 840 patients, 80 patients had normal hearing on both ears. So, a total of 760 patients had hearing loss. Among 760 patients, 428 (56.31%) cases were male and 332 (43.68%) were female. Most commonly affected age group was 21-30 years followed by 41-50 years age group. Out of 760 patients, 189 (24.85%) patients had unilateral hearing loss whereas 571 (75.15%) cases had bilateral hearing loss. Conductive hearing loss was the most common 663(43.6%), followed by mixed 381(25.1%) and sensorineural 127 (8.35%) hearing losses respectively. Conductive hearing loss was more common in younger age groups whereas mixed hearing loss was more common in older age groups. Mild hearing loss was seen in 604(39.7%) ears, moderate in 316 (20.8%), severe in 125(8.2%) and profound in 64 (4.2%). Regarding cause chronic suppurative otitis media was found most common cause which was 314 (41.3%) cases followed by otitis media with effusion in 136(17.9%) cases and presbyacusis in 86(11.3%) cases.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the commonest type of hearing loss is conductive and the commonest degree of hearing loss is mild degree.

Journal of Monno Medical College, June, 2025; 11(1) : 3-8