Etiological and Clinical Spectrum of Pancytopenia Based on Bone Marrow Examination

Authors

  • Prodip Kumar Biswas Associate Professor of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka
  • Md Hafiz Sardar Professor of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka
  • Gopal Chandra Saha Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology and Imaging, Institute of Child and Mother Health, Dhaka
  • Mohammed Shahadat Hossain Assistant Professor of Medicine, OSD, DGHS. Attached to Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur
  • AKM Humayon Kabir Associate Professor of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka
  • Mostofa Kamal Chowdhury Assistant Professor, Department of Palliative Medicine, Centre for Palliative Care, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka
  • Tushit Paul Post graduate trainee, Dept. of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Hospital, Dhaka

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/jom.v20i2.42005

Keywords:

Pancytopenia, Megaloblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, hematological malignancy

Abstract

Background: Bone marrow aspiration is assessed for cytology and trephine biopsy provides overall cellularity, detection of focal lesion and infiltration. Bone marrow study plays a crucial role in identifying cause of aplastic anaemia in clinical practice. This study was carried out to see the etiological and clinical spectrum of pancytopenia based on bone marrow examination.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Dhaka medical college Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh over a 2-year period (August 2016 to July 2018). A total 80 cases of pancytopenia were included in the study. Patients were diagnosed by hemoglobin less than 10 gm/ dL, total leukocyte count less than 4000/Cumm and platelet count less than 150000/cumm.

Results: Maximum number of cases were seen in age group of 16-30 years (31.25%) and male to female ratio is 1.1:1. The commonest presenting complaint was fever in 40% (32/80) of the cases. Pallor was present in all the patients, Splenomegaly was seen in 20% (16/80) and hepatomegaly in 12.5% of the cases (10/80). Petechial hemorrhages were present in 5% (4/80). The commonest cause of pancytopenia was megaloblastic anemia (35%) and followed by aplastic anemia (32.5%).

Conclusion: Pancytopenia is a common clinical problem encountered in clinical practice and the major differential diagnostic considerations of pancytopenia are aplastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia and hematological malignancies.

J MEDICINE JUL 2019; 20 (2) : 68-71

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Published

2019-06-27

How to Cite

Biswas, P. K., Sardar, M. H., Saha, G. C., Hossain, M. S., Kabir, A. H., Chowdhury, M. K., & Paul, T. (2019). Etiological and Clinical Spectrum of Pancytopenia Based on Bone Marrow Examination. Journal of Medicine, 20(2), 68–71. https://doi.org/10.3329/jom.v20i2.42005

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)

Section

Original Articles

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