Acute Toxicity and Hepatotoxicity Evaluation of Methanol Extract of Root Bark of Calotropis gigantea in Rats

Authors

  • Kartini Hasballah Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh
  • Murniana Sarong Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh
  • Renzavaldy Rusly Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung
  • Karina Tantri Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh
  • Vera Dewi Mulia Departement of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v17i2.39182

Keywords:

Acute toxicity, Calotropis gigantea, heparhistopathology, LD50

Abstract

Many studies of root extract of Calotropis gigantea have been done to prove its potential as anticancer, antimicrobial, etc. agent C. gigantea plant itself is very easy to grow in tropical countries. However, studies of acute toxicity of C. gigantea root extract has not been performed.The purpose of this research was to know the safety level, the chemical constituents, and the acute toxicity of methanol extract of C. gigantea root bark given orally on Rattus norvegicus in rats. C. gigantea root bark was extracted by using methanol. The methanol extract was suspended in 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and administered orally by gavage (1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg) in separate groups. On the day of fifteen, all animals were anesthetized and some selected vital organs were excised, weighed and macroscopically examined. The liver was assessed histopathologically. There were no lethal effects, behavioral changes and no significant change in body and organ weights compared to control after the administration of the extracts. Thus, the value of LD50 for oral administration of methanol extracts from root bark of C. gigantea was larger than 5000 mg/kg. Methanol extract of C. gigantea root bark must be considered safe enough as none of the rats were died along the study. But, it can damage the hepatic cell, if given in higher dose.

Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 17(2): 243-250, 2018 (December)

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Author Biographies

Kartini Hasballah, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh

Faculty of Medicine

Murniana Sarong, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh

Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences

Renzavaldy Rusly, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung

Faculty of Medicine

Karina Tantri, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh

Faculty of Medicine

Vera Dewi Mulia, Departement of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111

Departement of Anatomical Pathology

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Published

2018-12-04

How to Cite

Hasballah, K., Sarong, M., Rusly, R., Tantri, K., & Mulia, V. D. (2018). Acute Toxicity and Hepatotoxicity Evaluation of Methanol Extract of Root Bark of Calotropis gigantea in Rats. Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 17(2), 243–250. https://doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v17i2.39182

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Articles