Language and Gender: Exploring Power, Identity and Equity in Bangla Language

Abstract

Language is not a neutral instrument of communication; it carries with it social hierarchies, cultural norms, and power relations. In Bangladesh, where Bangla serves as both a mother tongue and a symbol of national identity, linguistic practices continue to shape and reflect gendered inequalities. This article explores the complex intersections of language and gender within the Bangladeshi context. It examines how gender norms are reproduced in speech patterns, education, and media representation, and how mother tongue education offers opportunities for empowerment if approached through a gender-sensitive lens. Drawing on sociolinguistic, feminist, and discourse analysis theories, this article analyses existing literature, policies, and practices, with a view to understanding how Bangla as a language both mirrors and sustains patriarchal structures. The paper argues that integrating gender perspectives into language policy, pedagogy, and cultural practices is essential to achieving equity. Finally, recommendations are provided for gender responsive reforms in education, curriculum, and public discourse.

Mother Language, 2025; 9 (2): 44-61