Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF
<p>Official journal of AgroAID Foundation. RALF is an open access and peer-reviewed online and printed journal that aims to publish high quality papers to make rapidly available to researchers nation and worldwide. It publishes high quality and novelty scientific papers focusing on Agriculture and allied sciences, Veterinary/Animal Science and allied subjects, and Fisheries / Aquaculture and Marine sciences.</p> <p>Full text articles available on BanglaJOL. Content also available <a title="AGROAID" href="http://agroaid-bd.org/ralf/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>.</p> <p>Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries is included on <a title="DOAJ" href="https://doaj.org/toc/2409-9325" target="_blank" rel="noopener">DOAJ</a>.</p>AgroAID Foundationen-USResearch in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries2409-0603<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Creative Commons</strong><br>All RALF articles are published under the terms of the <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US">Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License.</a> Readers can copy, distribute, transmit and adapt the work provided the original work and source is appropriately cited.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Copyright</strong><br>Submission of a manuscript implies that authors have met the requirements of the editorial policy and publication ethics. Authors retain the copyright of their articles published in the journal. However, authors agree that their articles remain permanently open access under the terms of the <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US">Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License.</a></p>Midline and Flank Approaches for Spaying: A Comparative Study in Cats
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/71001
<p>The study was conducted to compare midline and flank approaches for spaying in cats. Cats were divided into two groups based on surgical approaches for spaying, Group A (Flank approach) and Group- B (Ventral midline approach). To evaluate the best approach for spaying, various parameters such as length of the surgical incision, the extent of haemorrhage, ease of location and exteriorization of ovaries and uterus, duration of surgery, postoperative complications, and time required for complete wound healing were recorded. In addition, the heart rate, respiration rate, and temperature were recorded before the operation and on different days after the operation. The physical parameters significantly (<em>P</em><0.05) differed between the two groups. In both groups, the average length of skin incision was 2.8 cm. The average time of exteriorization of ovaries and uterus was higher in the ventral midline approach as compared with the flank approach. The average duration of surgery was (23.25±4.20) min in group A and 29·25±4.88 min in group B. The average wound healing time (days) was also higher in the ventral midline approach (16.50±1.26) compared to the flank approach (13.75±7.85). During Spaying in cats, the extent of haemorrhage was mild to moderate in the flank approach, whereas there was no haemorrage or sometimes less in the ventral midline approach. The post-operative complications were less in flank methods than in ventral midline approaches. It is concluded that spaying through the flank approach is superior to the ventral midline approach due to convenience, faster healing, rapid recovery, and fewer postoperative complications.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 319-326</p>Sarola RaniRafi AhmedMd Sabbir HossainMst Antora AkterMoinul HasanMd Rafiqul AlamRukhsana Amin Runa
Copyright (c) 2023 Sarola Rani, Rafi Ahmed, Md Sabbir Hossain, Mst. Antora Akter, Moinul Hasan, Md. Rafiqul Alam, Rukhsana Amin Runa
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2024-01-212024-01-2110331932610.3329/ralf.v10i3.71001Epidemiological Study of Cardinal Signs and Reasonable Antibiotic Usage in FMD at Bagherpara Upazila in Jashore District
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/71003
<p>Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a viral disease that is epitheliotropic and transboundary, affecting cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and wild animals all over the world. Due to lower productivity and higher mortality in calves, this highly contagious disease causes significant economic loss. The study was conducted to identify clinical signs, management, complications, and prevalence of Foot and Mouth disease (FMD) in cattle for five months at Bagherpara Upazila, Jashore. A total of 66 cattle of both sexes were investigated clinically. The impact of season, breed, age, sex, and purpose of keeping cattle on disease incidence was investigated. In December, the prevalence of FMD was higher (27.27%). Crossbreds (71.21%) were discovered to be more vulnerable than local breeds (28.79%). Male and adult cattle were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of the disease than females and young cattle. Clinical observations of cattle affected by foot-and-mouth disease showed fever, salivation, erosive lesions in the oral mucosa and the interdigital region of the foot, and lameness. In complicated FMD cases, the antibacterial drug might be advised for clinical use to control secondary bacterial infection. Sulphadimidine, Ampicillin, and Oxytetracycline, as well as other supportive drugs, were used to treat the patient whereas the recovery rate was 90.91%, 77.27%, and 68.18%, respectively.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 327-334</p>Sohadav MazumderMd Tareq MussaMd Atowar Rahman
Copyright (c) 2023 Sohadav Mazumder, Md. Tareq Mussa, Md. Atowar Rahman
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2024-01-212024-01-2110332733410.3329/ralf.v10i3.71003Association Between Body and Udder Measurement Traits and Milk Yield of Holstein Cows
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/71004
<p>The association between body and udder measurements can be used towards the improvement of milk yield. Hence, this study aimed to identify the udder measurement traits and body measurement traits that may be used by farmers to increase milk yield of Holstein cows. The study was conducted at Limpopo Dairy Farm in Makhado Local Municipality at Louis Trichardt, Limpopo Province, South Africa where a total of 50 lactating Holstein cows were used. Pearson’s correlation technique was used for data analysis. Findings between body measurement traits and milk yield showed that milk yield had a highly positive significant (p ˂ 0.01) correlation with rump height (r = 0.55), and positive significant (p < 0.05) with withers height (r = 0.44) and body length (r = 0.42). Results between udder measurement traits and milk yield showed that milk yield had a highly positive significant (p < 0.01) correlation with udder length before milking (r = 0.57), udder circumference before milking (r = 0.55) and udder circumference after milking (r = 0.51) The results also showed that milk yield had a positive significant (p < 0.05) correlation with teat diameter before milking (r = 0.30), teat length before milking (r = 0.31), teat circumference before milking (r = 0.36) and udder length after milking (0.47). The findings imply that all traits correlated with milk yield can be used to enhance milk yield of Holstein cows through selection during breeding.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 335-340</p>Xichavo Invite RisimatiThlarihani Cynthia Makamu Thobela Louis Tyasi
Copyright (c) 2023 Xichavo Invite Risimati, Thlarihani Cynthia Makamu , Thobela Louis Tyasi
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2024-01-212024-01-2110333534010.3329/ralf.v10i3.71004Synergistic Effects of Vitamin A and Spirulina on Arsenic Load in Rat Tissues and Blood
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/71005
<p>Arsenic (As) is found in contaminated groundwater as the source of pollution. In this study, 60 Long-Evans rats were used to assess the levels of As in the blood and organs and to compare the effectiveness of vitamin A and spirulina (<em>Spirulina platensis</em>) in preventing a chronic As accumulation. Twelve rats were assigned to each group of animals. The experimental groups were the control (T0), As (T1), As + spirulina (T2), As + vitamin A (T3), and As + spirulina + vitamin A (T4). The T1, T2, T3, and T4 groups were orally administered with sodium arsenite (NaAsO<sub>2</sub>) @ 4 mg/kg body weight (BW) for 63 days. In addition to NaAsO<sub>2</sub>, the T2 and T4 received 1 g/kg BW spirulina. The T3 and T4 received 2500 IU/kg BW vitamin A for 63 days, respectively. Four rats were euthanized in each group to evaluate the As concentration in the liver, lung, kidney, and blood at an interval of 21 days. Total As concentration was quantified from the organs using Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (HG-AAS). The results revealed that the T0 had no visible clinical symptoms. However, after 63 days of treatment, the T1 (As only administration) accumulated more As compared to other groups. The concentration of As was highest in the blood, then in the kidney, liver, and lung. In this case, spirulina and vitamin A substantially (p<0.01) decreased the concentration of As in the rats' organs and tissues Spirulina is more effective than vitamin A in reducing As accumulation in rats. In summary, the combination of both spirulina and vitamin A has a positive impact on reducing the accumulation of chronic arsenicosis in rats compared to the individual administration of either spirulina or vitamin A alone.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 341-351</p>Md Ashraful IslamMd Sodrul IslamMd Abdul AwalMd Zahorul IslamA KhairMohammed Mebarek BiaObaidul Islam
Copyright (c) 2023 Md Ashraful Islam, Md. Sodrul Islam, Md Abdul Awal, Md. Zahorul Islam, A. Khair, Mohammed Mebarek Bia, Obaidul Islam
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2024-01-212024-01-2110334135110.3329/ralf.v10i3.71005Exploring the Market Value Chain Dynamics of Chepa (Semi-Fermented Fish): A Promising Solution to Alleviate Nutritional Deficiency
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/71023
<p>Chepa, a widely consumed processed fish product in Bangladesh, is prepared through the semi-fermentation process using small fish varieties such as Phaisa and Puti. The study aimed to explore the business dynamics of Chepa production and marketing, focusing on identifying challenges and issues in the process. In the study, focus group discussion (FGD) and face-to-face interviewing were conducted using semi-structured questionnaires. Additionally, PESTLE framework was employed to assess the operational aspects of the Chepa business. The study identified seven key stakeholders in the different nods of the Chepa value chain, highlighting their role alongside supporting entities. The production process involved careful categorization of dried fish based on size and quality. Notable, women constituted predominant workforce in the midstream segment, especially contributing to fish processing. Unlike other food items, Chepa fermenting processes carried out in treated earthen pots without using any chemicals and pesticide, resulting in a distinctive flavor and color. The study underscores the profitability of Chepa industry, although fishermen earned the lowest profit among the shareholders. Furthermore, the declining populations of small fish in water body like haor, posing a threat to their livelihoods. The PESTLE analysis highlighted the importance of an integrated, and multidisciplinary approach to food safety and quality, stressing the importance of training and institutional development. The outcomes of our study offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, guiding efforts toward establishing a sustainable and resilient Chepa industry. </p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 353-366</p>Mst Jannatul FerdousMd Shafiqul IslamMd Samsul AlamMohd Golam Quader KhanMd Rafiqul BariIkramul HasanJ Khandakar
Copyright (c) 2023 Mst. Jannatul Ferdous, Md Shafiqul Islam, Md. Samsul Alam, Mohd Golam Quader Khan, Md. Rafiqul Bari, Ikramul Hasan, J. Khandakar
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2024-01-212024-01-2110335336610.3329/ralf.v10i3.71023Genarchopsis dasus and Camallanus anabantis parasites of Channa punctatus from Dinajpur Region of Bangladesh
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/71103
<p>This study was conducted to identify seasonal infestations of parasites in <em>Channa punctatus</em> of Dinajpur, Bangladesh. Sampling was carried out frequently over a year in selected cultural and natural sources. A total of 120 fish was examined among them 32 fishes were infested and collected parasites were 72. Two parasites were recorded, <em>Genarchopsisdasus </em>and <em>Camallanusanabantis. </em>The prevalence was found 26.67 % and mean intensity 2.41. The maximum prevalence was found in August (50 %) and the lowest in December, January, February (10 %). The maximum mean intensity was January (8) and the lowest was December and June (1). The highest prevalence (40 %) was observed in winter and the lowest (10 %) was in the rainy season. The maximum prevalence (50 %) was recorded in male fish in summer and autumn. However, the mean intensity (6.5), index of infection (3.71), and abundance (1.85) were highest in female fishes. The prevalence (30.23 %), abundance (0.74), and index of infection (0.68) were observed maximum in smaller size group and the lowest in large size group (24.44 %, 0.38 %, and 4.16 respectively). There was a variation of infestation of fish according to length, sex, season, and sources.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 367-376</p>Mousumi Sarker ChhandaMd Rokibul AlamNipa GuptaMost Jafrin Ara BegumMd Hafiz All HosenRubaiya Pervin
Copyright (c) 2023 Mousumi Sarker Chhanda, Md. Rokibul Alam, Nipa Gupta, Most. Jafrin Ara Begum, Md. Hafiz All Hosen, Rubaiya Pervin
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2024-01-212024-01-2110336737610.3329/ralf.v10i3.71103Effect of different planting density of sunflower varieties on yield and yield attributing characters in rice-rice-sunflower cropping pattern
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/69592
<p>The experiments were carried out at the Agronomy Experimental Field of Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali in order to evaluate the effect of sowing date and planting density on the yield and yield contributing characters of sunflower varieties. The experiment comprised of two varieties viz. BARI Sunflower2 and Hysun33 and six planting densities viz. 40cm×25cm, 40cm×35cm, 40cm×45cm, 50cm×25cm, 50cm×35cm, 50cm×45cm. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications, where the variety was assigned in the main plot and planting density was assigned as sub-plot treatment. Planting density had a significant influence on all the characteristics of morphological growth, yield, and yield contributing character except plant height at 75 DAS and 90 DAS. In case of Hysun33 variety, the highest number of leaves (21.89), leaf area (3214.22 cm<sup>2</sup>), head diameter (19.27 cm), head weight (539.07 gm), number of seed head<sup>-1 </sup>(973.33), seed weight head<sup>-1 </sup>(65.89 gm), thousand seed weight (67.73 gm), total seed yield (3.27 tha<sup>-1</sup>) and harvest index (34.30 %) was obtained from 50 cm × 45 cm planting density. On the other hand, in case of BARI Sunflower2 variety the highest number of leaves (18.44), leaf area (3342.90 cm<sup>2</sup>), head diameter (18.73 cm), head weight (457.80 gm), number of seed head<sup>-1 </sup>(832.17), seed weight head<sup>-1 </sup>(53.39 gm), thousand seed weight (64.07 gm) was obtained from 50 cm × 45 cm planting density and the highest stover yield (8.04 tha<sup>-1</sup>) and biological yield (10.73 tha<sup>-1</sup>) were obtained from 40 cm × 25 cm planting density. The highest total seed yield (2.94 tha<sup>-1</sup>) was obtained from 50 cm × 25 cm (8 plants m<sup>-2</sup>) planting density.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 229-235</p>Nowrose Jahan LipiMuhammad Maniruzzaman
Copyright (c) 2023 Nowrose Jahan Lipi, Muhammad Maniruzzaman
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2024-01-212024-01-2110322923510.3329/ralf.v10i3.69592Effect of Different Organic Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Broccoli (Brassica oleraceae var. italic)
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/70813
<p>The field experiment was conducted at Nabogram Agro Farm, Mannannagar, Sadar, Noakhali during the period from October 2020 to January 2021 to evaluate the effect of different organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of broccoli (<em>Brassica oleraceae </em>var.<em> italica</em>). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) consisting of five treatments with three replications. The five treatments were T<sub>0</sub> (No manure), T<sub>1</sub> (Cowdung 5 t ha<sup>-1</sup>), T<sub>2 </sub>(Trichocompost 5 t ha<sup>-1</sup>), T<sub>3 </sub>(Vermicompost 5 t ha<sup>-1</sup>), T<sub>4</sub> (Cowdung 50% + Trichocompost 50%) and T<sub>5</sub> (Cowdung 50% + Vermicompost 50%). Data were collected in respect of plant growth and yield indicating characters at harvest. All the recorded parameters were statistically significant. For 100% curd initiation, maximum time (61 days) was recorded from T<sub>0</sub> (Control), while minimum days (55 days) were recorded from T<sub>2 </sub>(Trichocompost 5 t ha<sup>-1</sup>). At harvest, the maximum plant height (64.70 cm), leaf length (35.05 cm), leaf breadth (32.32 cm), number of leaves per plant (14.66), the weight of full plant (1158.27 g), the marketable weight of curd (496.67 g), individual curd weight (320.67 g), diameter of curd (13.432 cm), marketable yield (19.242 t ha<sup>-1</sup>) were found in treatment T<sub>5</sub> (Cowdung 50% + Vermicompost 50%) whereas lowest data recorded from treatment T<sub>0 </sub>(Control). So it is observed that T<sub>5</sub> (Cowdung 50% + Vermicompost 50%) provides the highest results which may be more economical for the farmer according to the findings of this experiment.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 237-245</p>Saimun IslamJannatul BusraMd Sabuj AliSadia RahamanRagibe Afsar ShawonMd Towhidul IslamMd Istiak Hossain JoyMd Atiqur Rahman Bhuiyan
Copyright (c) 2023 Saimun Islam, Jannatul Busra, Md. Sabuj Ali, Sadia Rahaman, Ragibe Afsar Shawon, Md. Towhidul Islam, Md. Istiak Hossain Joy, Md. Atiqur Rahman Bhuiyan
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2024-01-212024-01-2110323724510.3329/ralf.v10i3.70813Evaluation of Some HYV Boro Rice Varieties for Drought Tolerance Based on Morpho-Biochemical Traits
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/70814
<p>An experiment was conducted to study the drought tolerance in selected boro rice varieties in pots at the Farm Research Laboratory of Dept. Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh in Rabi season of 2014-2015. In this experiment, drought was induced by manipulating the field capacity (30-35% FC as drought, 95-100% FC as control) and moisture content of the soil in the pot. Drought treatment was started 36 days after transplanting and continued till harvest. The work was comprised based on several morphological and biochemical approaches <em>viz</em>. days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, no of total tillers hill<sup>-1</sup>, no of effective tiller hill<sup>-1</sup>, days to maturity, no of filled grains panicle<sup>-1</sup>, no of unfilled grains panicle<sup>-1</sup>, grain panicle<sup>-1</sup>, 100 seed weight, grain yield panicle<sup>-1</sup>, yield hill<sup>-1</sup>, spikelet fertility, proline and L-ascorbic acid were found to be changed significantly in drought stress as compared to the control. In drought conditions, the highest yield performance was showed in BRRI dhan29 by changing 33.11% compared to its control. Due to drought induction proline accumulation was significantly upregulated by 2.53 and 2.10 folds in BRRI dhan36 and BINA dhan5, respectively and L-ascorbic acid was decreased lowest in BINA dhan10, BRRI dhan50, and BRRI dhan29 by 27.29%, 41.31%, and 43.91%, respectively. This study produced substantial information about the drought tolerance status of the selected boro rice varieties, and therefore, can be an aid for any future attempt to improve the drought tolerance of the studied varieties.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 247-258</p>Md Sohel RanaMd Abdul Wahed KhanShah Tasdika AuyonMohammad Amdadul HoqueKazi Rifat ShahrinMd NuruzzamanMuhammad Javidul Haque BhuiyanSharif Ar Raffi
Copyright (c) 2023 Md. Sohel Rana, Md. Abdul Wahed Khan, Shah Tasdika Auyon, Mohammad Amdadul Hoque, Kazi Rifat Shahrin, Md. Nuruzzaman, Muhammad Javidul Haque Bhuiyan, Sharif-Ar-Raffi
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2024-01-212024-01-2110324725810.3329/ralf.v10i3.70814Development of Two Tossa Jute Mutants for Higher Fiber Yield Through Mutation Breeding
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/70992
<p>The demand for jute fiber is increasing instead of synthetic fiber nowadays. Developing an early and high fiber-yielding tossa jute line is the main breeding objective of jute growing areas including Bangladesh. To fulfill that objective, the existing cultivar JRO-524 was irradiated with five (700, 800, 900, and 1000 gy) doses of gamma-ray. A total of 25 M<sub>3</sub> plants were first selected from bulked M<sub>2</sub> plants. Two years of replicated yield trial experiments were conducted in different locations in Bangladesh. Among them, two mutants BJM-10-1-3 and BJM-10-1-5 were selected for higher fiber and stick yield. The selected mutants BJM-10-1-3 and BJM-10-1-5 showed 4% to 6% higher yield than their parent JRO-524. The mutant line BJM-10-1-5 showed higher fiber percentage (34.04%), fiber fitness (2.65%), and fiber brightness (44.15%). These two mutants have been under participatory varietal trial (PVT) for evaluation to release a tossa jute variety. These lines will play a vital role in reducing the seed import of variety JRO-524 from India.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 259-268</p>Sakina KhanamMd Shamiul HaqueMd Mahmud Al NoorNusrat Binta AtiqMd Abul Kalam Azad
Copyright (c) 2023 Sakina Khanam, Md. Shamiul Haque, Md. Mahmud Al Noor, Nusrat Binta Atiq, Md. Abul Kalam Azad
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2024-01-212024-01-2110325926810.3329/ralf.v10i3.70992Assessment of Yard Long Bean Varieties for Optimal Cultivation in Tropical Conditions
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/70996
<p>Yard long bean (<em>Vigna unguiculata</em>) is an important leguminous crop in tropical countries. It is a very common vegetable cultivated by the farmers of the South Asian countries including Bangladesh. The popularity of this vegetable is increasing due to its good taste and nutritive value. An experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted at the Agricultural Research Field, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh, from October 2021 to December 2021 to evaluate the growth and yield performance of four varieties of yard long bean. The varieties were FLK-203, FLK-204, FLK-205, FLK-206. The study revealed that the highest plant height (261.8) was recorded in the Yard-long bean FLK-206 followed by FLK-203 (239.1). The first flowering (31.33 DAP) was found in variety FLK-203 followed by variety FLK-204 (36 DAP). The highest number of pods plant<sup>-1</sup> (25.33) was found in Yard long bean variety FLK-204 followed by variety FLK-206 (18.33) plant<sup>-1</sup>. Maximum fruit length (67.56 cm) was recorded in variety FLK-206 followed by yard-long bean variety FLK-204 (56.16). The highest pod girth (1.06 cm) was in the yard long bean variety FLK-203 followed by FLK-204 (0.8 cm). Maximum number of seed pod<sup>-1</sup> (20.66) was found in variety FLK-203 followed by FLK-206 (18.66). The highest weight of 10 seeds (2.21) was found in variety FLK-206 followed by variety FLK-204 (1.16). The highest fresh weight pod<sup>-1</sup> (32.4 gm) was in the yard long bean variety FLK-203 followed by FLK-204 (24.23 gm). The highest yield pod<sup>-1</sup> (690.26 gm) was in yard-long bean variety FLK-203 followed by FLK-206 (506.2 gm). The highest pod yield ha<sup>-1</sup> (82.73 t ha<sup>-1</sup>) was recorded in yard-long bean FLK-203 followed by FLK-206 (60.73 t ha<sup>-1</sup>). So, the variety Yard long bean FLK-203 was found superior based on the overall performance for cultivation under the Argo-climatic condition of Noakhali.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 269-276</p>Md Liton MiaShishir Kanti TalukderNazmul HasanPrantika DattaRagibe Afser ShawonMd Towhidul IslamMd Rabbir Ahmed RakizKaren WangAhmed Khairul HsanMd Shafiqul IslamGazi Md Mohsin
Copyright (c) 2023 Md. Liton Mia, Shishir Kanti Talukder, Nazmul Hasan, Prantika Datta, Ragibe Afser Shawon, Md. Towhidul Islam, Md. Rabbir Ahmed Rakiz, Karen Wang, Ahmed Khairul Hsan, Md. Shafiqul Islam, Gazi Md. Mohsin
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2024-01-212024-01-2110326927610.3329/ralf.v10i3.70996A Holistic Overview of Agricultural Practices among CDIP Beneficiaries in Salimgonj Area: Current Status, Persistent Problems, and Promising Prospects
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/71014
<p>Agriculture is an essential industry in rural Bangladesh since it is the primary source of income for fifty percent of the workforce and eighty seven percent of families. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play an essential part in advancing sustainable development by providing assistance to communities in need and giving them the tools, they need to boost agricultural production, improve food security, and alleviate poverty. Centre for Development Innovation and Practices (CDIP), which is located in Bangladesh, runs microfinance programs with the goals of eradicating poverty and providing persons who are economically disadvantaged with financial security. The research project utilized a Mixed-method approach, with the CDIP beneficiaries participating in both Key Information Interviews (KII) and Focused Group Discussions (FGD) as part of the research. The efficiency of certain agricultural initiatives is hindered by obstacles such as limited technical skills, infrastructure limitations, and a lack of availability of high-quality seeds and irrigation facilities. Despite all of these obstacles, there are chances for CDIP beneficiaries to develop their agricultural practices. It has been demonstrated that the utilization of mobile agricultural consulting services and digital platforms can increase crop output while also ensuring financial security. It has also been established that collaboration among CDIP, government agencies, and local communities may increase infrastructure, which in turn leads to improved market access and economic development for agriculture beneficiaries. The research focuses on loan distribution in the Salimgonj area of Bangladesh and emphasizes how important it is to address persisting barriers to sustainable agricultural growth.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 277-284</p>Nujhat Tabassum SafaMahbubur Rashid Ories
Copyright (c) 2023 Nujhat Tabassum Safa, Mahbubur Rashid Ories
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2024-01-212024-01-2110327728410.3329/ralf.v10i3.71014Economic Losses in the Traditional Honey Production System in Oromia Region, Ethiopia
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/70998
<p>In Ethiopia, traditional beekeeping systems with low productivity and quality predominate in the beekeeping industry, which contributes only less than 1.3% of Ethiopia's agricultural GDP. Despite government extension services, farmers resist adapting to the improved technology due to high prices and accessibility. Hence, this study was conducted to estimate the amount of economic loss due to the use of traditional technology using 165 randomly selected beekeepers in three purposefully selected zones in the Oromia regional state in Ethiopia. The study found that about 83% of the respondents have been relying on traditional beehives for both honey and colony survival. However, the traditional beehive production system is associated with lower productivity, lower quality, higher post-harvest losses, and lower income rewards. In practice, most MFH<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1">[1]</a> and KTB<a href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2">[2]</a> hives are managed nearby homes, whereas 63% of traditional hives are fixed on trees in the forest or nearby homes. This causes the beekeepers to harvest only once from traditional beehives, which also contributes to colony loss and a lower honey harvest. With this practice, the beekeepers in regions, in general, lose about 15 billion ETB<a href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3">[3]</a> annually due to lower productivity of the technologies, traditional beehives, and colony losses. Thus, the region can recover these losses through better management and less reliance on conventional beehives.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 285-292</p>Dirriba Mengistu
Copyright (c) 2023 Dirriba Mengistu
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2024-01-212024-01-2110328529210.3329/ralf.v10i3.70998Opportunities of Young Fish Farmers in Indigenous Fish Farming: A village level study
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/70999
<p>Bangladesh is a country enriched with diverse fisheries resources and naturally productive wetlands. Indigenous fish plays an important role in diet and also a source of income for fish farmers. The main aim of the study was to determine the extent of opportunities for young fish farmers in indigenous fish farming. Melandah upazila under Jamalpur district was the locale of the study. The sample size of the study was 80 and it was drawn from a population of 266 using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected from the selected sample farmers through face-to-face interview methods during 1-30 January 2023. The extent of opportunity was the dependent variable and a 4-point rating scale was used to measure it, while eleven selected characteristics of the respondents constituted the independent variables of the study. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) was computed to explore the relationship between the selected characteristics of the respondents. The findings revealed that more than three-fourths of the young fish farmers (78.8%) had adequate opportunities in indigenous fish farming. Transportation facilities came in first place among issues pertaining to opportunities, followed by locally available good-quality feed and fertilizers, which came in second and third, respectively. Age, experience in raising fish, annual family income, training exposure, contact with extension media, knowledge of indigenous fish farming, and skills in indigenous fish farming were all found to be significant influences on the extent of opportunities in indigenous fish farming. The Department of Fisheries and other development organizations should take the required steps to increase young fish farmers’ opportunities to engage in indigenous fish farming and contribute to the national economy.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 293-300</p>Iffat Ara MahzabinSabicun NaharMst Sharmin Akter
Copyright (c) 2023 Iffat Ara Mahzabin, Sabicun Nahar, Mst. Sharmin Akter
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2024-01-212024-01-2110329330010.3329/ralf.v10i3.70999Assessment of Solid Waste Management Practices in Rural Bangladesh: A Case Study of Citizen Participation
https://banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/71000
<p>Bangladesh's rural solid waste management (SWM) systems are still developing, and effective citizen participation is crucial for SWM success. This study highlights knowledge gaps, as the existing policies focus predominantly on urban areas.In this study, citizen participation, existing practices, and the community engagement of SWM were examined in the rural areas of Bangladesh. Primary data collected from 67 Bangladeshi respondents through questionnaires using a qualitative and quantitative mixed-methods study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. This study found that Bangladeshi rural citizens participate in SWM "personally." Results showed that 41.9% of respondents often dump waste in pits or lowlands near their homes, and a general practice was to discard waste by digging a hole (54.8%) or burying it (41.9%). Household backyards (41.9%) and shallow terrain (48.4%) were used as dumping stations. Different indigenous systems and practices were observed in the rural areas due to the lack of formal SWM. Respondents mentioned that the informal sector recycles plastic, paper, glassware, etc., and a few citizens generate compost from organic waste. Citizens reported that they needed SWM training from rural local governments. Moreover, SWM efforts in rural Bangladesh did not involve citizen groups or associations. In conclusion, local governments can coordinate SWM policy by including citizens for a sustainable environment, and policymakers will have a scope to improve rural SWM in Bangladesh. Furthermore, this paper provides practical implications for researchers and policymakers on SWM in developing countries.</p> <p>Vol. 10, No. 3, December 2023: 301-318</p>A K M Tajkir Uz Zaman
Copyright (c) 2023 A.K.M. Tajkir-Uz-Zaman
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2024-01-212024-01-2110330131810.3329/ralf.v10i3.71000