Zızıphora capıtata L. Ethanolıc extract: evaluatıon of antıoxıdant propertıes, enzyme ınhıbıtıon, genotoxıc and antıgenotoxıc actıvıtıes

Abstract

Ziziphora capitata L. is used in traditional medicine. The objective of this study was to assess the antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, elastase, collagenase, and hyaluronidase inhibition, as well as the genotoxic and antigenotoxic properties of the ethanol extract obtained from the aerial parts of Z. capitata. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and β-carotene bleaching assays, which revealed moderate radical scavenging effects with IC₅₀ values of 200 ± 1.13 µg/ml and 138 ± 2.37 µg/ml, respectively. The total phenolic content was determined to be 36 ± 3.7 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract, thereby substantiating its antioxidative potential. The extract selectively inhibited collagenase (16.51 ± 0.5%) and hyaluronidase (5.94 ± 0.17%). The extract was determined to be non-genotoxic, and it exhibited a reduction in genotoxicity induced by NaN₃ and 4-NPD. Collectively, these findings suggest that Z. capitata may represent a promising natural source with potential applications in wound healing.

Bangladesh J. Bot. 55(1): 167-172, 2026 (March)