A Rare and Fatal Complication of a Self-Limiting Infection: A Case Report on Dengue Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

Authors

  • Alvin Oliver Payus Medicine Based Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
  • Cheong Lei Wah Department of Pathology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Syahrul Sazliyana Shaharir Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/bjmed.v30i2.41536

Keywords:

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; cytokines; Dengue; methylprednisolone; intravenous immunoglobulin G

Abstract

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening medical condition characterized by hyperphagocytosis secondary to an inappropriate over-activation of macrophages and lymphocytes that driven by excessive cytokines production which resulted in cellular destructions. It can arise de novo as a result of an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, or in the background of an infection, malignancy or autoimmune disease. Dengue fever is one of the uncommon causes of infection related secondary HLH. Here, we present a case of a Dengue associated HLH which was successfully treated with intravenous methylprednisolone and immunoglobulin G. In conclusion, the purpose of this case report is to illustrate the importance of early recognition and prompt initiation of the appropriate treatment for HLH suspected patient whom otherwise has high mortality rate.

Bangladesh J Medicine July 2019; 30(2) : 93-95

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Published

2019-05-27

How to Cite

Payus, A. O., Wah, C. L., & Shaharir, S. S. (2019). A Rare and Fatal Complication of a Self-Limiting Infection: A Case Report on Dengue Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis. Bangladesh Journal of Medicine, 30(2), 93–95. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjmed.v30i2.41536

Issue

Section

Case Reports