Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: A New Frontier

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the engineering and science of making intelligent machines through algorithms or rules, mimicking human cognitive functions, such as learning and problem-solving. AI has several branches, such as machine learning and deep learning, which can add intelligence to applications. Machine learning is the study of algorithms that allow computer programs to improve automatically through experience. Deep learning algorithms learn from an extensive, multi-layered collection of interconnected processes and expose these processors to many examples. In the coming years, the integration of AI in routine medical care is expected to revolutionize Medicine, potentially improving patient care and quality of life. The time required for a diagnosis can be greatly reduced, and diagnostic efficiency can be significantly enhanced when AI assists clinicians. Large language model chatbots are capable of clinical expert-level medical note-taking, consultation, and questionanswering. Chatbotscan generate human-like text, may help diagnose diseases based on medical records, and may suggest treatment options or plans. Artificial intelligence algorithms, particularly deep learning, have demonstrated remarkable progress in radiological image analysis and diagnosis and may improve radiologists’ efficiency. These algorithms may also improve diagnostic accuracy in dermatology, histopathology, fundoscopy, endoscopy, and other medical images. Natural language processing and ambient clinical intelligence automate administrative duties like recording patient visits in electronic health records, streamlining clinical workflow, and freeing up doctors to spend more time with patients. AI may also help with new drug discoveries, precision medicine, and clinical research. AI developments can revolutionize several healthcare-related fields and pave the way for a more individualized, accurate, predictive, and portable future.

Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; 35: 54-60