A Five-Year Retrospective Study on Fractured Orbital Walls: A Spearman Correlation Analysis

Authors

  • Wan Muhamad Amir W Ahmad School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM),16150 Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • Nor Farid Mohd Noor Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Medical Campus, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
  • Ramizu Shaari School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM),16150 Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • Nik Airulisraq Nik Roslan School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM),16150 Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • Nurul Husna Mustapa School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM),16150 Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • Mohamad Nasarudin Adnan School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM),16150 Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • Farah Muna Mohamad Ghazali School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM),16150 Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • Muhammad Azeem Yaqoob School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM),16150 Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • Nurul Asyikin Nizam Akbar Unit Hematology, Hospital Kepala Batas, Seberang Perai, Pulau Pinang
  • Nor Azlida Aleng Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
  • Mohammad Khursheed Alam Professor, Orthodontics, Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, KSA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v21i4.61362

Keywords:

Orbital Wall, Maxillofacial Injury, Matrix Spearman Correlation, Path Analysis, and Multiple Response Analysis (MRA)

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to find propotion of fractured orbital walls in the maxillofacial trauma cases and its associated maxillofacial fracture treated in the Oral Maxillofacial Clinic Oral Maxillofacial ward and operation theatre of Hospital USM in Kelantan, Malaysia.

Materials and methods: From July 2013 to June 2018, records of patients who sustained maxillofacial fractures and presented them to the Accident and Emergency Department, Oral Maxillofacial Clinic, Hospital USM were reviewed, recorded, and analyzed. There are 294 patients whose data has been collected because they met the inclusion criteria. Each patient with a complete medical record was reviewed. Data were collected under the variables: Zygomatic Complex, Zygomatic Arch, Nasal, Maxillary Sinus, Le Fort I, Le Fort II, Le Fort III, Orbital Wall, Alveolar Process, Symphysis of Mandible, Condyle of Mandible, Ramus of Mandible, Maxillary Bone and Mandibular Bone of maxillofacial fracture. The fractured orbital walls in these cases was reviewed. At the first stage, all the selected variables will be screened for their important clinical point of view. The SPSS software version 26.0 was used to determine all possible factors contributing to orbital wall fracture.

Results: This was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the medical records of 294 patients with maxillofacial fracture treated in the Oral Maxillofacial Clinic and Oral Maxillofacial ward, Hospital USM. There were 228 (77.3%) men and 66 (22.4%) women included in this study. The most common age range is 11-20 years (39.8%), 21-30 years (26.2%). Maxillary Bone Fracture (0.371; p <0.05), Maxillary Sinus Fracture (0.180; p <0.05), Zygomatic Arch Fracture (0.127; p <0.05) were found to be the most affected site, which had a positive correlation with an orbital fracture of the maxillofacial trauma cases. A path analysis based on the Spearman correlation was developed by taking into account significant correlations at the level of 0.05.

Conclusion: Using the matrix spearman correlation, multiple response analysis (MRA), path analysis, we discovered a clear connection between orbital wall fracture and several other factors. This discovery will aid in the understanding of the most common fracture and the causes of orbital wall fracture in maxillofacial trauma. The Zygomatic Arch Fracture, Maxillary Sinus Fracture, and Maxillary Bone Fracture were found to have a significant relationship with the orbital wall when the significance level was set at 0.05.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21 No. 04 October’22 Page : 744-750

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Published

2022-09-11

How to Cite

W Ahmad, W. M. A. ., Noor, N. F. M. ., Shaari, R. ., Roslan, N. A. N. ., Mustapa, N. H. ., Adnan, M. N. ., Ghazali, F. M. M. ., Yaqoob, M. A. ., Akbar, N. A. N. ., Aleng, N. A. ., & Alam, M. K. . (2022). A Five-Year Retrospective Study on Fractured Orbital Walls: A Spearman Correlation Analysis. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 21(4), 744–750. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v21i4.61362

Issue

Vol. 21 No. 4 (2022)

Section

Original Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Wan Muhamad Amir W Ahmad, Nor Farid Mohd Noor, Ramizu Shaari, Nik Airulisraq Nik Roslan, Nurul Husna Mustapa, Mohamad Nasarudin Adnan, Farah Muna Mohamad Ghazali, Muhammad Azeem Yaqoob, Nurul Asyikin Nizam Akbar, Nor Azlida Aleng, Mohammad Khursheed Alam

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