Reitveld refinement, structural, optical band gap and low-temperature magnetic characterization of Gd3+ doped spinel cubic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles

Authors

  • A Kumar Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, Rajasthan, India
  • MK Gora Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, Rajasthan, India
  • S Kumar Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, Rajasthan, India
  • BL Choudhary Department of Physics, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan, India
  • PK Maheshwari Center for Non-Conventional Energy Resources, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, Rajasthan, India
  • SN Dolia Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, Rajasthan, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v57i3.62019

Keywords:

Nanoferrites; Rare earth doping; Hard ferromagnet; Saturation magnetization; Coercivity; Optical band gap

Abstract

The current study unravels the structural, optical band gap and magnetic characteristics of rare-earth (RE) gadolinium (Gd) substituted CoGdxFe2-xO4 (x= 0.00 - 0.10, in the interval of 0.02) nanocrystallites synthesized by the sol-gel self-ignition route. The XRD analysis and Rietveld refinement confirmed the existence of a single cubic phase with a crystallite size of ~15-21 nm range, further confirmed by HRTEM results. SEM images confirmed the well-known nano-size morphology for all the samples. The magnetization measurements show a hard ferromagnetic nature for all specimens within the temperature range of 20-300K. Coercivity, remanent, and saturation magnetization monotonically increased with a reduction in temperature from 300K to 20K. UV-Vis absorbance results show that the band gap energy of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) decreases with increasing Gd3+ ion doping and have band gap energy values of 2.47, 2.15, 2,02, 2.00, 1.43 and 1.95 eV for x= 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10, respectively in CoGdxFe2-xO4 nanoferrites. The present study reveals that structural, optical band gap and magnetic properties could be altered by monitoring the quantity of gadolinium in cobalt nanoferrites.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 57(3), 173-186, 2022

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Published

2022-09-28

How to Cite

Kumar, A., Gora, M., Kumar, S., Choudhary, B., Maheshwari, P., & Dolia, S. (2022). Reitveld refinement, structural, optical band gap and low-temperature magnetic characterization of Gd3+ doped spinel cubic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 57(3), 173–186. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v57i3.62019

Issue

Vol. 57 No. 3 (2022)

Section

Articles

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