Left ventricular dysfunction in transfusion dependent beta Thalassemia major patients in Bangladesh

Authors

  • Simu Saha East West Medical College Hospital, Dhaka
  • Tapash Saha Kalihati Upazila Health Complex, Tangail
  • AKM Amirul Morshed Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka
  • Md Lutful Ehsan Fatmi Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka
  • Nazneen Umme Zakia National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dhaka
  • SKA Razzaque National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dhaka

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v9i1.29539

Keywords:

Beta thalassemia, Iron overload, Cardiac dysfunction, left ventricular failure

Abstract

Background: Thalassemia major is an inherited haemoglobin disorder resulting in chronic haemolytic anaemia. Patients with beta thalassemia major are maintained on continuous blood transfusion regimens resulting in iron overload that adversely affects both the structure and function of the heart and other vital organs which can be easily prevented with iron chelating therapy. The aim of the study was to detect left ventricular dysfunction at an early stage so that early effective intervention can be done.

Methods: A total of 50 patients with beta thalassemia were included in the study by non randomized qualitative purposive sampling from July 2013 to June 2014. Their total body iron status was be assessed by doing serum ferritin level. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function was assessed by echocardiography

Results: Cardiac dysfunction was present in 11 patients with high incidence in patients with low pre-transfusional haemoglobin group (p=0.4) and in patients having high serum ferritin level (p=0.02). Systolic cardiac dysfunction was present in 7(14%) of patients and diastolic dysfunction was present in 4(8%) of patients. There was a weak but significant correlation between left ventricular ejection fraction and serum ferritin concentration (r=-0.22; p=0.03). Only few (8%) patients had diastolic dysfunction.

Conclusion: Patients with beta thalassaemia on an adequate transfusion showed an abnormal left ventricular systolic function. In early stage of disease diastolic function was normal but after repeated transfusion there were impaired relaxation indicating diastolic dysfunction. These findings seem mainly to be related to chronic anaemia and serum ferritin level

Cardiovasc. j. 2016; 9(1): 31-35

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Author Biography

Simu Saha, East West Medical College Hospital, Dhaka



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Published

2016-09-07

How to Cite

Saha, S., Saha, T., Morshed, A. A., Fatmi, M. L. E., Zakia, N. U., & Razzaque, S. (2016). Left ventricular dysfunction in transfusion dependent beta Thalassemia major patients in Bangladesh. Cardiovascular Journal, 9(1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v9i1.29539

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Section

Original Articles