Relationship of Blood Glucose Level and Severity of Periodontitis in Patients attended the Outpatient Periodontics Clinic of College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Aims: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed involving   30 patients who attended the College of Dentistry outpatient Periodontics   clinic of King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the period of 12th March -12th May, 2011.

Methods: Clinical data were recorded from the randomly selected 30 patients where periodontitis was indexed after Loe H: J Periodontol 38 (suppl):610, 1967 and modified from Russel AL: J Dent Res 35:350, 1956. Diabetic conditions were determined by 2 separate fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels determinations [100~125 mg/dL at 8 hours fasting] and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) [140~199 mg/dL at 2 hours after 75-g glucose load].

Results: Among 30 patients, mean age 33}7 (range 18~54) years, males 70% and females 30% were divided into three groups: i) 10 periodontitis patients having diabetes mellitus (DM), ii) 10 non-diabetic periodontitis patients and iii) 10 patients were not suffering from periodontitis or DM as a control group. Results revealed that patients having diabetes had more moderate to severe forms of periodontitis 50% (p<0.05) including type 2 (80%) than type1 (20%) DM, (p<0.05). Similarly, 80% of the periodontitis patients were found suffering from moderate to severe forms of periodontitis (p<0.05) in uncontrolled group (20%) of DM patients.

Conclusion: The present study proved a clear relationship with the patients having diabetes and periodontitis including severity of the diseases and glycemic control. Using these results, a greater effort can be made in providing periodontal as well as overall health to the population of at or around of Abha city of Saudi Arabia.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v9i2.12313

City Dental College J. Volume-9, Number-2, July-2012