African swine fever in Benin and prevalence of the disease in Southern Benin: A retrospective study (2014–2018)

Authors

  • Okri Fréjus Hans Ohouko Research Unit in Applied Microbiology and Pharmacology of Natural Substances URMAPha, Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology LARBA, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
  • Koffi Koudouvo Centre of Training and Research in Medicinal Plant CERFOPLAM, Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology of Natural Substances, Faculty of Science, University of Lome, Lome, Togo.
  • Tossou Jacques Dougnon Research Unit in Applied Microbiology and Pharmacology of Natural Substances URMAPha, Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology LARBA, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
  • Amegnona Agbonon Centre of Training and Research in Medicinal Plant CERFOPLAM, Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology of Natural Substances, Faculty of Science, University of Lome, Lome, Togo.
  • Issaka Youssao Abdou Karim Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Meat Technology LBATV, Department of Animal Health and Production, Polytechnic School of Abomey Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
  • Souaïbou Farougou Department of Animal Health and Production, Research Unit on Communicable Diseases URMAT, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
  • Messanvi Gbeassor Centre of Training and Research in Medicinal Plant CERFOPLAM, Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology of Natural Substances, Faculty of Science, University of Lome, Lome, Togo.

Keywords:

African swine fever; incidence; risk factors; prevalence; Benin

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of African swine fever (ASF) disease in Benin.  Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 70 pig farms from the Departement of Atlantique and Ouémé and also by using the data available from the Directorate of Livestock on the spread of ASF in Benin from 2014 to 2018. The prevalence of ASF was assessed with 106 nasal swabs from apparently healthy domestic pigs and 15 organ samples from dead ASF-suspected pigs. ASF virus detection was carried out by conventional polymerase chain reac­tion using Qiagen Kit for DNA extraction. Data recorded were processed with SAS software (2006).  Results: It appears that ASF is an endemic disease in Benin with the Department of Ouémé as the hotspot of dissemination of the virus in the country. The losses due to ASF recorded from 2014 to 2018 are evaluated to 884,850,000 CFA Franc by estimating the average cost of a pig at 25,000 FCFA. A prevalence of 1.89% (CI at 95%, 0.71–3.49) was recorded for live animals with a positive result in organs from all dead pigs suspected of ASF. Breeding practices related to the sharing of breeding males, scavenging pigs, and non-compliance with biosecurity measures were the risk factors identified.  Conclusion: The present study sheds light on the areas prone to the ASF virus in Benin. Moreover, the cross-sectional data recorded on the prevalence of ASF will help to better rule on the spread of the disease. It would be interesting for the Beninese Republic to increase its efforts for ASF control.

J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 7(3): 464-470, Sep 2020

http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2020.g442

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Published

2020-08-05

How to Cite

Ohouko, O. F. H., Koudouvo, K., Dougnon, T. J., Agbonon, A., Karim, I. Y. A., Farougou, S., & Gbeassor, M. (2020). African swine fever in Benin and prevalence of the disease in Southern Benin: A retrospective study (2014–2018). Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research, 7(3), 464–470. Retrieved from https://banglajol.info/index.php/JAVAR/article/view/75610

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 3 (2020)

Section

Original Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2020 Okri Fréjus Hans Ohouko, Koffi Koudouvo, Tossou Jacques Dougnon, Amegnona Agbonon, Issaka Youssao Abdou Karim, Souaïbou Farougou, Messanvi Gbeassor

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