Characterization of the dominant strain (G-VII) of Newcastle disease viruses isolated from commercial chickens in Bangladesh during recent outbreaks

Authors

  • Mohammad Aynul Haque Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  • Mohammad Sadekuzzaman Central Disease Investigation Laboratory, Department of Livestock Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • Md Enamul Haque Department of Microbiology, Sheikh Hasina University of Science and Technology, Bhairab, Bangladesh
  • Mst Kohinoor Parvin Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  • Md Mostofa Kamal Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  • Sajedul Hayat Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  • Md Ariful Islam Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  • Mst Minara Khatun Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  • Mahbubul Pratik Siddique Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  • Sham Soun Nahar Livestock Research Institute, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • A K M Khasruzzaman Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  • Muhammud Tofazzal Hossain Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  • Md Alimul Islam Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Keywords:

NDV; RT-PCR; ICPI; IVPI; MDT genotype VII

Abstract

Objective: Newcastle disease virus genotype VII (NDV-GVII), an extremely infectious pathogen, has been causing severe economic consequences for the chicken industry. The current study aimed to isolate and characterize NDV-GVII from commercial chickens in Bangladesh during a recent outbreak.

Materials and Methods: From clinically suspected chickens from 70 commercial poultry farms, a total of 420 samples (trachea, lungs, and brain tissue) were collected. The samples were cultivated in 9–10 day-old seronegative embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs) after evaluating them using the rapid Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antigen detection kit. The hemagglutination (HA) inhibition test, agar gel immune diffusion (AGID) test, molecular detection by reverse transcription-poly­merase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and phylogenetic studies using gene sequences of fusion (F) pro­tein. The HA pattern of isolated NDV was determined using different avian and mammalian red blood cells (RBCs). The pathogenicity of the isolated virus was evaluated using mean death time (MDT), intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI), and intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI).

Results: The study found 87 NDV samples positive using the rapid NDV Ag detection kit and then 60 positives for virus isolation in ECEs. All 60 isolates were positive for NDV by HI, AGID, and RT-PCR. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that recent NDV isolates belong to genotype VII and exhibit a similarity of 99.7%–98.5% with isolates from Bangladesh, Iran, and India. The new iso­lates, identified as velogenic strains of NDV, possess an F protein cleavage site with 112-R-T-K-R-F-117 amino acid motifs. The isolated NDV showed diversified HA activity while using RBCs from birds and mammals. The results of ICPI, IVPI, and MDT indicated that the recent NDV isolates were very virulent.

Conclusion: This study concluded that NDV-GVII is prevalent in commercial poultry farms in Bangladesh.

Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(2): 408-417, June 2024

http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k790

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Published

2024-08-29

How to Cite

Haque, M. A., Sadekuzzaman, M., Haque, M. E., Parvin, M. K., Kamal, M. M., Hayat, S., Islam, M. A., Khatun, M. M., Siddique, M. P., Nahar, S. S., Khasruzzaman, A. K. M., Hossain, M. T., & Islam, M. A. (2024). Characterization of the dominant strain (G-VII) of Newcastle disease viruses isolated from commercial chickens in Bangladesh during recent outbreaks. Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research, 11(2), 408–417. Retrieved from https://banglajol.info/index.php/JAVAR/article/view/75721

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)

Section

Original Articles

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Copyright (c) 2024 Mohammad Aynul Haque, Mohammad Sadekuzzaman, Md Enamul Haque, Mst Kohinoor Parvin, Md Mostofa Kamal, Sajedul Hayat, Md Ariful Islam, Mst Minara Khatun, Mahbubul Pratik Siddique, Sham Soun Nahar, A K M Khasruzzaman, Muhammud Tofazzal Hossain, Md Alimul Islam

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