Potential risk factors of avian influenza virus infection in asymptomatic commercial chicken flocks in selected areas of Bangladesh during 2019

Authors

  • Md Zulfekar Ali National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  • Mahmudul Hasan National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  • Md Giasuddin National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Keywords:

Avian influenza virus; symptomatic; risk factors; chicken; biosecurity

Abstract

Objective: Avian influenza is a zoonotic disease with a pandemic potential that can infect avian and mammalian species, including humans. Studies aimed at investigating avian influenza virus (AIV) status in asymptomatic chickens and their shedding are uncommon in Bangladesh. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the distribution of AIV subtypes in asymptomatic commercial chicken flocks and to identify the possible risk factors associated with this infection in two selected sub-districts of Bangladesh.  Materials and Methods: A total of 582 oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 23 chicken farms during 2019 and evaluated for the presence of AIV and its subtypes by real-time reverse transcrip­tion PCR assays. Risk factors associated with AIV infection were analyzed from questionnaire data.  Results: Overall, AIV prevalence was 7.73% (n = 45) with 7.39% and 7.92% in Dhamrai and Gazipur Sadar sub-districts, respectively. In AIV-positive samples, the prevalence of A/H5N1, A/H5N2, A/ H9N1, and A/H9N2 was 31.11%, 28.89%, 6.67%, and 8.89%, respectively. None of the samples were positive for N6 and N8. The odds ratio (OR) of AIV infection was 1.15 in broiler versus layer and 2 in Sonali versus layer chickens. The OR was 1.95 for medium versus small, 2.6 for large versus small flock size, 1.5 for moderate versus good biosecurity, and 2.92 for poor versus good biosecurity practicing farms.  Conclusion: The results demonstrated that A/H5N1, A/H5N2, A/H9N1, and A/H9N2 are circu­lating in asymptomatic chickens of selected areas. Strict farm biosecurity practices and avoiding higher flock density are recommended to prevent AIV spread in the study.

J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 8(1): 51-57, Mar 2021

http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2021.h484

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Published

2021-03-05

How to Cite

Ali, M. Z., Hasan, M., & Giasuddin, M. (2021). Potential risk factors of avian influenza virus infection in asymptomatic commercial chicken flocks in selected areas of Bangladesh during 2019. Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research, 8(1), 51–57. Retrieved from https://banglajol.info/index.php/JAVAR/article/view/76007

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2021)

Section

Original Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2021 Md Zulfekar Ali, Mahmudul Hasan, Md Giasuddin

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