Effects of pretreatment with medetomidine, midazolam, ketamine, and their combinations on stress-related hormonal and metabolic responses in isoflurane-anesthetized cats undergoing surgery

Authors

  • Hirokazu Kamohara Kamohara Animal Hospital, Kochi-shi, Japan.
  • Toshiko Kamohara Kamohara Animal Hospital, Kochi-shi, Japan.
  • Yoshiaki Hikasa Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori-shi, Japan.

Keywords:

Cat; isoflurane; ketamine; medetomidine; midazolam; stress hormone

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of pretreatment with medetomidine (Me), midazolam (Mi), and ketamine (Ke) on stress-related neurohormonal and metabolic responses in isoflurane-anesthetized cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy and castration. Materials and Methods: We prospectively recruited 112 client-owned healthy mixed-breed cats. In both surgeries, we divided the cats into seven groups (eight cats per group): non-treatment (control), Me (50 μg/kg), Mi (0.5 mg/kg), Ke (5 mg/kg), Me + Mi, Me + Ke and Me + Mi + Ke administered intramuscularly. After pretreatments, we maintained anesthesia with isoflurane and oxygen. Venous blood was taken before pretreatment, pre- and post-operatively during anesthesia, and at early- and complete-recovery. Results: Both plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline were reduced during anesthesia in all groups. Plasma cortisol increased during anesthesia and at early recovery in non-Me-treated groups, whereas it decreased in Me-treated groups in both surgeries. Plasma insulin and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) decreased, and glucose increased during anesthesia in all groups, but hyperglycemia and decrease in NEFA were greater in Me-treated groups. Conclusions: In isoflurane-anesthetized cats undergoing surgeries, premedication with Me alone and in combination is useful for reducing the perioperative stress-related increase in cortisol and catecholamines except for hyperglycemia.

J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 8(4): 563-575, December 2021

http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2021.h546

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Published

2021-11-01

How to Cite

Kamohara, H., Kamohara, T., & Hikasa, Y. (2021). Effects of pretreatment with medetomidine, midazolam, ketamine, and their combinations on stress-related hormonal and metabolic responses in isoflurane-anesthetized cats undergoing surgery. Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research, 8(4), 563–575. Retrieved from https://banglajol.info/index.php/JAVAR/article/view/79821

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 4 (2021)

Section

Original Articles

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Copyright (c) 2021 Hirokazu Kamohara, Toshiko Kamohara, Yoshiaki Hikasa

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