In vitro characterization of fiber-rich tropical feedstuffs for pig diets
Keywords:
Ammonia; Fiber-rich feedstuffs; In vitro; Volatile fatty acidAbstract
Objective: This study aimed to characterize the characteristics of fiber-rich feedstuffs using a three-step in vitro method. Materials and methods: A three-step in vitro digestibility simulation included step 1 and step 2, which were referred to as “enzymatic hydrolysis” and mimicked processes in the stomach, followed by an ileal digestibility assessment, whereas step 3 mimicked the hindgut fermentation using fecal inoculum. The fiber-rich feedstuffs used were banana stem (Musa acuminata) (Bas), brewery by-product (Brew), cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaf (CL) and root by-product, cabbage waste (Brassica oleracea) (Caw), sweet potato vines (Ipomoea batatas) (Swe), taro leaves and petioles (Colocasia esculenta) (Taro), tofu by-product (TF), and Trichanthera gigantea foliage (Tri). Results: Tri and TF were marginally (10%) digested in the small intestine; for TF, this was largely compensated for by the level of the hindgut, resulting in the highest volatile fatty acid (VFA) production from TF as compared with any other fiber-rich feedstuff tested. Nevertheless, 55% of the crude protein (CP) of TF was digested in the small intestine, resulting in a modest accumulation of hindgut ammonia as compared with CP from Tri, which particularly seemed to be fermented in the hindgut. For the complete diets, the ileal digestible CP of the test diets was 7.8% to 18.5% lower than that of the control diet, except for the TF diet. Only diets including Bas and CL enhanced hindgut VFA production compared with the control. Conclusion: Fiber-rich feedstuffs differ widely in intestinal digestibility and hindgut fermentation. The three-step in vitro simulation results for the nine tested fiber-rich feedstuffs could provide valuable insights into assessing feeding values for pig production. Additionally, an interaction was observed between fiber source and dietary nutrients in complete diets, which impaired ileal CP digestibility.
J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 12(4): 1354–1362, December 2025
Downloads
11
12
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Quan Hai Nguyen, Phung Dinh Le, Ngoan Duc Le
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
