Evaluation of Complications Related to Exchange Transfusion due to Hyperbilirubinaemia in Newborns with or without Comorbidities

Authors

  • Israt Jahan Chaudhury Assistant Professor, Dept. of Paediatrics, Universal Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka
  • Syeda Afroza Professor and Head (Retd.), Dept. of Paediatrics, ShSMC, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka
  • Shirin Akter Associate Consultant, Dept of Paediatrics, United Hospital Ltd, Dhaka
  • Saira Khan Assoc. Prof. Dept. of Paediatrics, MH Samorita Hospital and Medical College, Dhaka
  • Shahnaj Jahan Chawdhury Assistant professor, Dept. of Gynae and Obst, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v41i1.63258

Keywords:

Exchange transfusion, hyperbilirubinemia, comorbidities, adverse events

Abstract

Introduction: Exchange transfusion (ET) is the first successful treatment introduced for severe neonatal jaundice considered to be a safe procedure but not risk free. Present study aimed to determine the complications related to exchange transfusion and to compare the incidence of severe complications between healthy and ill newborns.

Methods: This cross sectional study was done in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Dhaka Shishu Hospital and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, over 6 months from January to June 2010, included 50 newborns who underwent exchange transfusion due to hyperbilirubinaemia. Newborns with hyperbilirubinemia alone were classified as healthy, while hyperbilirubinaemia associated with other medical problems were classified as ill. Adverse events were analyzed and compared between two groups.

Results: Out of 50 patients who underwent ET, 27 were healthy had jaundice only and 23 were ill. Most of the newborns with comorbidities (87%) developed at least one complication following exchange transfusion (p<0.001). Newborns with co-morbidities developed hypoglycemia (13%), hypocalcaemia (17.4%), thrombocytopenia (26.1%), sepsis (26.1%), apnoea (4.3%) and in newborns without co-morbidities, hypoglycemia, hypocalcaemia, thrombocytopenia each was found in 7.4% cases and septicemia (14.8%). Thrombocytopenia was significantly higher in ill newborns (p = 0.039). About 9% of newborns died in ill group compared to 3.7% in healthy group (p = 0.439).

Conclusions: Complications and mortality were significantly higher in newborns having hyperbilirubinemia with comorbidities. Thrombocytopenia was the most frequent complication. Majority of the hyperbilirubinemic neonates with comorbidities develop at least one complication after exchange transfusion.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41: 40-45

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Published

2022-12-31

How to Cite

Chaudhury, I. J. ., Afroza, S. ., Akter, S. ., Khan, S. ., & Chawdhury, S. J. . (2022). Evaluation of Complications Related to Exchange Transfusion due to Hyperbilirubinaemia in Newborns with or without Comorbidities. Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons, 41(1), 40–45. https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v41i1.63258

Issue

Vol. 41 No. 1 (2023)

Section

Original Articles

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