Outcome Following ND: YAG Laser Capsulotomy in Posterior Capsular Opacification in a Tertiary Hospital

Abstract

Background: Posterior Capsular Opacification (PCO) is a common delayed complication of cataract surgery, often impairing vision. Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy is the standard treatment to restore visual function. To assess visual outcomes, laser energy parameters and complications following Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy in PCO patients.

Materials and methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH) from April 2022 to March 2023, involving 92 pseudophakic patients aged ³40 years with significant PCO (BCVA <6/9). Patients were followed for 4 weeks post-procedure. Data on visual acuity, Intraocular Pressure (IOP) laser energy, shots used and complications were recorded.

Results: The mean age was 60.2 ± 7.5 years, with a near- equal gender distribution. The most common PCO type was Elschnig pearl (56.5%) and Grade 3 was the most frequent severity (46.7%).. The average energy used was 46.92 ± 16.34 mJ with 25.72 ± 7.31 shots. BCVA improved significantly, with 97.8% achieving 6/6–6/12 by Week 4. Mean IOP peaked at 4 hours post-laser but normalized by Week 4. Most patients (66.3%) had no complications, others had IOP spikes (14.1%) iritis (12%) IOL pitting (10.9%) or corneal edema (6.5%).

Conclusion: Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy is a safe, effective and noninvasive procedure that significantly improves vision in PCO with minimal transient complications.

JCMCTA 2026 ; 37 (1) : 102-107