Sural Radial Amplitude Ratio in Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Background: The sural-radial amplitude ratio (SRAR) has been proven to be a good tool for diagnosis of early diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Objective: To compare sural radial amplitude ratio between diabetic patients and healthy controls.

Methods: This age and sex matched case-control study was carried out in the Department of Neurology at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka from June, 2022 to May, 2024 over a period of 24 months. A total of 30 patients with diabetic and 30 healthy control of both genders and age ³18 years were included in this study as case and control respectively. SPSS software version 22.0 was used to process and analyze the data. Chi- Square/Fisher’s Exact test was used to compare categorical data and Unpaired t test was used to compare numerical data. Bivariate analysis was conducted for logistic regression analysis. Specmen’s rho correlation was done to analyse the correlation between SRAR and related variables.

Result: Sural-radial amplitude ratio was found significantly lower in diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients (0.36 ± 0.22) than that of healthy controls (0.78 ± 0.35). Mean duration of diabetes mellitus of the peripheral neuropathy patients was 7.33 ± 5.01 years and mean HbA1c was 9.31 ± 1.43. Non-significant negative correlation was found between sural-radial amplitude ratio and duration of DM (r= -0.226; p = 0.231) and significant negative correlation of sural-radial ratio with HbA1c (r= -0.668; p = <0.001) was revealed. Regression analysis showed duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) was 1.459 (95% CI: 0.640 to 3.329; p=0.317) times and HbA1c >6% was 3.5 (95% CI: 2.170 to 5.646; p<0.001) fold increased risk of times more chance for decreased SRAR. Among them HbA1c >6% was independent factor for decreased SRAR.

Conclusion: The sural-radial amplitude ratio in patients with diabetic was significantly lower than in healthy controls.

J Dhaka Med Coll. 2025; 34(2) : 70-76