Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the growth and yield performance of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in coastal zone of Bangladesh

Abstract

The experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research Field, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh during the period from November 2021 to March 2022, to observe the effect of  nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (k) fertilizer on growth and yield of garlic (Allium sativum L. V: BINA Roshun-1). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) comprising four treatments with three replications. The treatments were T₀ (no NPK), T₁ (NPK 70-70-100 kg ha^-1), T₂ (NPK 100-100-140 kg ha^-1), T₃ (NPK 130-130-180 kg ha^-1), and here, N = Nitrogen, P=P₂O₅, K= K₂O respectively. Data were recorded from harvesting stages of plant growth on the plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, number of roots per plant, bulb diameter, bulb length, number of cloves per plant, whole weight of plant, fresh weight of bulb and fresh bulb yield per hectare. All the recorded parameters were statistically significant (p<0.01). The highest plant height (69.57 cm) was recorded from T₃ (NPK 130-130-180 kg ha^-1) whereas the lowest plant height (51.40 cm) was obtained from the control T₀ (no NPK). The maximum number of leaves per plant (9.97), leaf length (38.10 cm), number of roots per plant (90.83), bulb length (3.30 cm), bulb diameter (3.80 cm), number of cloves per plant (28.97), whole weight of plant (65.07 g), fresh weight of bulb (42.50 g) and fresh bulb yield per hectare (2.83 t/ha) was found in treatment T₃ (NPK 130-130-180 kg ha^-1) whereas lowest data recorded from control T₀ (no NPK). Observing the results, it can be stated that application of NPK fertilizer @ N 130 kg ha^-1, P₂O₅ 130 kg ha^-1 and K₂O 180 kg ha^-1 for garlic cultivation gave better growth and yield in the coastal zone of Bangladesh.

Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. 10(1): 53-60