Cytoplasmic Darkness and PDIA3 Expression as Morphological and Molecular Indicators of Bovine Oocyte Competence for In Vitro Embryo Production

Cytoplasmic Darkness and PDIA3 in Bovine Oocytes

Authors

  • Sohanug Mehedi Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
  • Rajosree Das Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
  • Tasmi Binta Reza Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
  • Iffat Nur Jahan Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
  • Md Ruhul Amin Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
  • Md Munir Hossain Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v12i2.83427

Keywords:

Oocyte selection, Cytoplasmic darkness, PDIA3, In vitro maturation, Bovine IVF, Embryo development

Abstract

In vitro embryo production (IVP) is a key biotechnology for accelerating genetic improvement in cattle. Oocyte quality is the primary determinant of IVP success. Among non-invasive selection markers, cytoplasmic coloration-particularly dark-colored cytoplasm (DCC) has been proposed as a visual indicator of lipid content and metabolic competence. This study evaluated the developmental potential of bovine oocytes based on cytoplasmic appearance and validated their competence through PDIA3 gene expression. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) collected from slaughterhouse ovaries were classified into dark-colored cytoplasm (DCC) and light-colored cytoplasm (LCC) groups and subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM), fertilization (IVF), and culture (IVC). DCC oocytes exhibited significantly greater increases in oocyte diameter (11.60 ± 0.55 µm vs. 4.68 ± 0.31 µm; p = 0.0004) and cumulus expansion (225.8 ± 17.0 µm vs. 142.8 ± 15.1 µm; p < 0.001). Developmental outcomes were also superior in the DCC group, with fertilization (84.53 ± 2.49% vs. 67.80 ± 5.37%; p = 0.015), cleavage (84.53 ± 2.49% vs. 67.80 ± 5.37%; p = 0.017), and blastocyst formation rates (37.39 ± 3.03% vs. 19.41 ± 2.39%; p = 0.0034) significantly higher than in the LCC group. To validate these phenotypic differences, PDIA3 expression was analyzed in germinal vesicle (GV) and metaphase II (MII) oocytes. DCC-derived oocytes showed significantly elevated PDIA3 transcript levels, strengthening the link between cytoplasmic coloration and molecular competence. These findings establish cytoplasmic darkness, is a practical indicator of oocyte quality, and PDIA3 expression validates this morphological assessment at the molecular level.

Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 12, No. 2, August 2025: 149-160

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Published

2025-09-16

How to Cite

Mehedi, S., Das, R., Reza, T. B., Jahan, I. N., Amin, M. R., & Hossain, M. M. (2025). Cytoplasmic Darkness and PDIA3 Expression as Morphological and Molecular Indicators of Bovine Oocyte Competence for In Vitro Embryo Production: Cytoplasmic Darkness and PDIA3 in Bovine Oocytes. Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries, 12(2), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v12i2.83427

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)

Section

Livestock

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Sohanug Mehedi, Rajosree Das, Tasmi Binta Reza, Iffat Nur Jahan, Md Ruhul Amin, Md Munir Hossain

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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