Comparative Analysis of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Assessing Demographics, Clinical Attributes and Risk Factors among Iraqi Patients

Authors

  • Mohaimen Samir Al-Ini Lecturer, Department of Optometry Techniques, College of Health and Medical Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9402-2335
  • Mundher Sameen Al-Samurai Assistant Professor, Department of Optometry Techniques, College of Health and Medical Technologies, Al- Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2871-2894
  • Ebtehal Noori Al-Bassam Lecturer, Department of Optometry Techniques, College of Health and Medical Technologies, Al-Hikma University College, Bagdad, Iraq https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6418-4602

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/bjid.v12i2.88243

Keywords:

Diabetes mellitus, diabetes type 1, diabetes type 2, risk factors, demographic

Abstract

Background: Among the various forms of diabetes, Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represent the most common and clinically significant categories.

Objective: The objective of this retrospective comparison study was to find out the different between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in term of demographic information, clinical features, risk factors and consequences.

Methodology: This retrospective comparison study was performed on 300 confirmed diabetes patients (T1DM and T2DM) extracted from medical records at a specialized diabetic clinic, Iraqi patients. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, risk factors and complications data was collected from May 2025 to May 2025.

Results: A lot more people had type 2 diabetes (70.0%) of all cases than type 1 diabetesType 1 diabetes mostly affected younger people (mean age ± SD: 18.4 ± 6.2 years), while Type 2 diabetes mostly affected adults in their 40s and 50s (n = 48, 53.3%). A strong association was observed between overweight status and the development of Type 2 diabetes. People with Type 2 diabetes were more likely to have long-term problems.

Conclusion: Type 1 diabetes mostly affects younger people. Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, is closely linked to risk factors that can be changed, like being overweight and not being active. These results show the important of early diagnosis and focused living changes are for lowering the worldwide burden and avoiding long-term problems.

Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2025;12(2):228-233

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Published

2026-05-31 — Updated on 2026-06-01

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How to Cite

Al-Ini, M. S., Al-Samurai, M. S., & Al-Bassam, E. N. (2026). Comparative Analysis of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Assessing Demographics, Clinical Attributes and Risk Factors among Iraqi Patients. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, 12(2), 228–233. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjid.v12i2.88243 (Original work published May 31, 2026)

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)

Section

Original Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Mohaimen Al-Ini, Mundher Al-Samurai, Ebtehal Al-Bassam

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Copyright

Copyright on any research article in the Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases is retained by the author(s).

The authors grant the Bangladesh Infection Research Association a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher.

Articles in the Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases are Open Access articles published under the Creative Commons CC BY-NC License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)

This license permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and it is not used for commercial purposes.