Ethnobotanical, phytochemical and toxicological studies of Ghagra shak (Xanthium strumarium L.) growing in Bangladesh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v35i3.3658Keywords:
Bangladesh, Ethnobotanical, Xanthium strumarium, phytochemical, toxicologicalAbstract
The present study describes the ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and toxicological evaluations of Xanthium strumarium L. growing in Bangladesh. In toxicity evaluation on rats, the methanol extract of seedlings showed mortality, while both seedling and mature plant extracts raised the serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase values and produced significant abnormalities in the histopathology of liver and kidney of rats. On the other hand, the aqueous soluble fraction of methanol extract of mature plant (LC50 = 0.352 µg/mL) and methanol crude extract of seedlings (LC50 = 0.656 µg/mL) demonstrated significant toxicity in the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. A total of four compounds were purified and characterized as stigmasterol (1), 11-hydroxy-11-carboxy-4-oxo-1(5),2(Z)-xanthadien-12,8-olide (2), daucosterol (3) and lasidiol-10-anisate (4). The present study suggests that X. strumarium is toxic to animal.
Keywords: Bangladesh; Ethnobotanical; Xanthium strumarium
Online: 8 Feb 2010
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v35i3.3658
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2009; 35: 84-90
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