Ethnobotanical, phytochemical and toxicological studies of Ghagra shak (Xanthium strumarium L.) growing in Bangladesh

Authors

  • Mohammad Rashedul Islam Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka
  • Mohammad Zashim Uddin Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka
  • Mohammad Sharifur Rahman Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka
  • Ershad Tutul Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka
  • Mohammed Zakiur Rahman Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Dhaka, Dhaka
  • Md. Abul Hassan Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka
  • M A Faiz Department of Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka
  • Moazzem Hossain Disease Control Unit, Directorate General of Health Services, Dhaka
  • Maleeha Hussain National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital, Dhaka
  • Mohammad Abdur Rashid Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v35i3.3658

Keywords:

Bangladesh, Ethnobotanical, Xanthium strumarium, phytochemical, toxicological

Abstract

The present study describes the ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and toxicological evaluations of Xanthium strumarium L. growing in Bangladesh. In toxicity evaluation on rats, the methanol extract of seedlings showed mortality, while both seedling and mature plant extracts raised the serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase values and produced significant abnormalities in the histopathology of liver and kidney of rats. On the other hand, the aqueous soluble fraction of methanol extract of mature plant (LC50 = 0.352 µg/mL) and methanol crude extract of seedlings (LC50 = 0.656 µg/mL) demonstrated significant toxicity in the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. A total of four compounds were purified and characterized as stigmasterol (1), 11-hydroxy-11-carboxy-4-oxo-1(5),2(Z)-xanthadien-12,8-olide (2), daucosterol (3) and lasidiol-10-anisate (4). The present study suggests that X. strumarium is toxic to animal.

Keywords: Bangladesh; Ethnobotanical; Xanthium strumarium

Online: 8 Feb 2010

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v35i3.3658

Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2009; 35: 84-90

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Published

2010-02-07

How to Cite

Islam, M. R., Uddin, M. Z., Rahman, M. S., Tutul, E., Rahman, M. Z., Hassan, M. A., Faiz, M. A., Hossain, M., Hussain, M., & Rashid, M. A. (2010). Ethnobotanical, phytochemical and toxicological studies of Ghagra shak (Xanthium strumarium L.) growing in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin, 35(3), 84–90. https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v35i3.3658

Issue

Vol. 35 No. 3 (2009)

Section

Research Papers

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