Age, Gender and Side Distribution of Adhesive Capsulitis of Shoulder Among Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous condition characterized by hyperglycaemia because of defects in insulin secretion, insulin resistance/action or combination of both of these factors. Many population-based studies established the association of shoulder pain and/or stiffness with diabetes mellitus. Adhesive capsulitis (AC) is the progressive painful restriction in range of movement and can reduce function and quality of life. 

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the outpatient department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dhaka Medical College & Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka from July 2021 to June 2022with ethical clearance from respective IERB. A total of 122 diabetic patients with adhesive capsulitis attending the study place were selected by purposive sampling. The patient’s pain was recorded using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Movements of the affected shoulder joint were measured by using a goniometer. The validated Bangla version of Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) was used to assess functional status. Variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD), frequency and percentage.

Results: In this cross-sectional observational study, a total of 122 diabetic patients with adhesive capsulitis were included in which, 60 patients (49.2%) were male and the rests 62 (50.8%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 51.9 ± 8.6 years. Among the patients, 47 (38.5%) were from the 45-54 years age group and 41 (33.6%) were from 55-64 years age group. In this study 74 patients (60.7%) had adhesive capsulitis on their right shoulder and the rests 48 (39.3%) had adhesive capsulitis on their left shoulder in this study. Conclusion: Adhesive capsulitis is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus. It is recommended that diabetic patients should always be screened for the presence of rheumatic complications since early recognition lessens the chances of irreversible damage.

Eastern Med Coll J. July 2024; 9 (2): 73-76