Heart rate variability after deep relaxation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients: Non linear analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v20i1.84054Keywords:
Deep relaxation technique, Autonomic nerve function, Heart rate variability, type 2 Diabetes MellitusAbstract
Background: Autonomic nerve dysfunction has been noted in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It needs not only medical management but also lifestyle modification. Regular practice of yoga based deep relaxation technique (DRT) cause improvement of autonomic nerve function by increasing heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy subjects. Objective: To observe the effect of yoga based DRT on non linear measures HRV by Poincare plot analysis in T2DM patients. Methods: This prospective interventional study was done in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSSMU), Dhaka in 2016 on 30 female diagnosed T2DM patients aged 50-55 years with duration of diabetes of 5-10 years. They performed DRT (20 minutes twice daily) for 3 months. 30 apparently healthy female with similar age who did not perform DRT or any other form of exercise, were included as control. To assess the cardiac autonomic nerve function, non linear HRV parameters were recorded by a data acquisition device Power Lab 8/35 (Australia) and Poincare analysis of data was auto generated by Lab chart software. HRV data of all subjects were collected at baseline (Pre) and also after 3 months of DRT(Post) in patients as well as in control without DRT. For statistical analysis, paired and independent sample t-test were used. Results: The pre-intervention non linear values of standard deviation of long axis(SD1) of scatterplots and standard deviation of short axis (SD2) of scatterplots (p<0.001) and SD1/SD2 ratio (p<0.01) were significantly lower in all diabetic patients compared to control. After 3 months of DRT, there was significant increment in SD1, SD2 (p<0.001) and SD1/SD2 ratio (p<0.05) compared to their pre-intervention values. Conclusion: Cardiac autonomic nerve dysfunction may occur in T2DM and 3 month’s regular exercise of DRT may improve cardiac autonomic nerve function and sympathovagal balance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
J Bangladesh Soc Physiol 2025;20(1): 32-38
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