Morphometric investigation of neurocranium in domestic cat (Felis catus)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i1.17302Keywords:
domestic cat, cranial pressure, foramen magnum, morphometryAbstract
This study was intended to investigate some aspects of the morphometric characteristics of the neurocranium in domestic cat (Felis catus) of Bangladesh. Twenty adult domestic cat including 10 males and 10 female were euthanized using diazepam (@ 20 mg/kg) and their skulls were macerated to give morphometric parameters. Student t-test with level of significance set at 5% (p < 0.05) was used to analyze the obtained values. The mean (mean ± SE) neurocranial volume was 28 ± 0.97 ml, neurocranial length was 6.63 ± 0.77 cm, and the neurocranial height and index were 3.32 ± 0.38 cm and 49.83%, respectively. The mean height and width of the foramen magnum were 1.32 ± 0.09 cm and 1.35 ± 0.08 cm, respectively, while the foramen index was below 100 at 90.72 ± 4.93. Parameters for the foramen magnum index showed significant difference between both sexes at p < 0.05. The foramen magnum showed shape variations and there were multiple hypoglossal foramina in over 80% of the cats. Foramen magnum index was positively correlated with neurocranial volume. The results were discussed in terms of the usage of morphologic and morphometric characteristics of cranium and skulls in several basic and clinical applications in cat such as estimation of the brain density and the use of the cat for cranial pressure experiments.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i1.17302
Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2013). 11 (1): 69-73
Downloads
270
283
References
REFERENCES
Bergman RA, Afifi AK and Miyauchi R (1988). Compendium of human anatomical variations. Urban and Schwarzenberg, Baltimore.
Bhuller A, Sanudo JR, Choi D and Abrahams PH (1998). Intracranial course and relations of the hypoglossal nerve: An anatomic study. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 20: 109112.
Chroszcz A, Janeczek M, Wojnar M and Pospieszny N (2006). Morphological analysis and morphometry of the foramen magnum of the American Staff ordshire terrier breed newborns. Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62: 1002-1004.
Dyce KM, Sack WO, Wensing CJG and Molenaar GJ (2000). Agreement of veterinary anatomy. Elsevier, Rio de Janeiro.
Dyce KM, Sack WO and Wensing CJG (1996). Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. 2nd edn.,W.B. Saunders Co. Ltd., Philadelphia.
DInç G (2001). Macro-anatomical investigations on the skeletons of badger (Meles meles) III Skeleton axiale. Firat University Veterinary Journal of Health Sciences 15: 175178.
Eric HC (2006). Brain facts and figures. In: Neurosciences for Kids. University of Washington, Washington.
Getty R (1986). General Osteo-logia. In: Getty, R. (Ed.). Sisson/Grossman - Anatomy of the domestic animals. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koo-gan, p. 29-30 vo1
Getty R (1975). Sisson and Grossmans The Anatomy of the Domestic Animals. 5th edn., W.B. Saunders Co. Ltd., Philadelphia.
Hall LW, Clarke KW and Trim CM (2000). Wrights Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia. 10th edn., ELBS and Baillierre Tindall, London.
Hidaka S, Matsumoto M, Hiji H, Ohsako S and Nishinakagawa H (1998). Morphology and morphometry of skulls of raccoon dogs, Nyctereutes procyonoides and badgers (Meles meles). Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 60: 161167.
Janeczek M, Aleksander Chroszcz (2011). The occipital area in medieval dogs and the role of occipital dysplasia in dog breeding. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 35(6): 453-458.
Janeczek M, Chroszcz A, Onar V, Pazvant G and Pospieszny N (2008). Morphological Analysis of the Foramen Magnum of Dogs from the Iron Age. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia 37:359361
Jensen BL and Kreiborg S (1993). Development of the skull in infants with cleidocranial dysplasia. Journal of craniofacial genetics and developmental biology 13: 8997.
Künzel W, Breit S and Oppel M (2003). Morphometric investigations of breed-specific features in feline skulls and considerations on their functional implications. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia 32(4): 218-223.
Kahvecioghu KO, Onar V, Alpak H and Pazvant G (2000). The morphometry of the foramen magnum in rabbits and its correlation with craniometric measurements. Folia Veterinaria 44: 6269.
Lindow M (2008). The Landmine-Sniffing rats of the Mozambique. Time Magazine.
May NDS (1970). Anatomy of the sheep. 3rd edn, University of Queensland Press, Australia.
Monfared AL (2013). Anatomy of the Persian Cats Skull and its Clinical Value During Regional Anesthesia. Global Veterinaria 10 (5): 551-555
Nayak SB (2008). Unilateral, double hypoglossal nerves leaving the cranial cavity through two hypoglossal foramina: a case report. Neuroanatomy 7: 67.
Onar V, Ozcan S and Pazvant G (2001). Skull typology of the adult male Kangal dog. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia 30: 4148.
Olude MA, Olopade JO, Fatola IO and Onwuka SK (2009). Some aspects of the neurocraniometry of the African giant rat (Cricetomys gambianus Waterhouse). Folia Morphologica 68 (4): 224227
Olopade JO and Onwuka SK (2003). A preliminary investigation into some aspects of the craniofacial indices of the red Sokoto (Maradi) goat in Nigeria. Folia Veterinaria 47: 5759.
Olopade JO and Onwuka SK (2005). Some aspects of the Clinical Anatomy of the mandibular and maxillofacial regions of the West African Dwarf Goat in Nigeria. International Journal of Morphology 23: 3336.
Özkan ZE, DInç G and Aydin A (1997). Investigations on the comparative gross anatomy of scapula, clavicula, skeleton brachii and skeleton antebrachii in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus). Firat University Veterinary Journal of Health Science 11: 171175.
Özkan ZE (2005). Macro anatomy of axial skeleton of hedgehog. Indian Veterinary Journal 82: 877882.
Özkan ZE (2007). Macro-anatomical investigations on the forelimb skeleton of mole-rat (Spalax leucodon Nordmann). Veterinarski Arhiv 72: 9199.
Simoens R, Poles R and Lauwers H (1994). Morphometric analysis of foramen magnum in pekingese dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research 55:33-9.
Sisson S (1975). Carnivore Osteology. Skull. In: The anatomy of domestic' animals, 1st Edition. Jaypee Anatomy of Domestic Animals, ed. R. Getty, W.B. brother's medical publisher, India. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, pp: 1467-1482.
Van Herpen H and Voorhout G (1993). Occipital dysplasia in a Pomeranian dog. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 118: 327328.
Wehausen JD and Ramey RR (2000). Cranial morphometric and evolutionary relationships in the northern range of Ovis canadensis. Journal of Mammology 81: 145-161.
Wysocki J, Kobryn H, Bubrowski M, Kwiatkowski J, Reymond J and Skarzynska B (2004). The morphology of the hypoglossal canal and its size in relation to skull capacity in man and other mammal species. Folia Morphologica 63: 1117.
Yilmaz S, Özkan ZE and Özdemir D (1998). Macro-anatomical investigations on the skeletons of porcupine (Hystrix cristata). I. Ossa membri thoracici. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 22: 389392.
